The most common cause of this problem is having your BitTorrent software set up to have too many maximum connections. Most BT software (even the most recommended ones) have default settings that will make most home routers cry.
In your BitTorrent client, find the area where you can set the maximums and set it WAY lower. Start with something like 50, let it run for a few hours, and then maybe try increasing it.
The cause of this is the plain and simple fact that home routers are by and large not designed to handle so many concurrent connections. It just isn't normal outside the world of BitTorrent. This would completely explain why you are seeing different performance from a machine being hosted at a professional hosting company, which probably uses business-class routers.
Based on both of the points you said, I believe The following:
For the second point only:
Many NAS Devices with built in BitTorrent Clients work, but, are not very good. It is possible that it does not support DHT and the tracker you are connecting to is either offline or the file does not have any peers.
Your NAS either does not support UPnP, or you have UPnP disabled on your router, or you have not set up your firewall ports correctly.
The trackers you are connecting to are private and/or have some kind of status that they are returning but your client is not showing the message (e.g. wait time).
However when I also consider the first point combined with the second:
I believe that your NAS does not have an active internet connection. If you do not have DHCP active on it, make sure it's gateway and DNS are set correctly.
This would explain why it can not download/access .Torrent files via URL but you can put them there from your LAN, however, they do not progress at all.
I think I have covered all the possible reasons, I believe the last paragraph is the real reason, but, unless your NAS has a command prompt or any way to ping a site, I am not sure how you can test.
All this being said, if you turn your machine(s) off at night and just want the NAS to be a low powered Torrent client, fair enough - however, I have to say that a full torrent client such as Utorrent will give you a much better experience.
Best Answer
You need
The .torrent file
The data downloaded so far
Move the data to the download folder on the new computer and add the torrent file. It should check the directory and notice that data is there. It should hash verify that data and continue downloading where you left off.