MacOS – How to open terminal windows in different desktops

You might make a copy of Safari's application bundle and change the bundle identifier:

cp -R /Applications/Safari.app /Applications/Safari2.app
defaults write /Applications/Safari2.app/Contents/Info.plist CFBundleIdentifier my.safari2
cp ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.Safari.plist ~/Library/Preferences/my.safari2.plist

Assignments to spaces are per bundle identifier:

$ defaults read ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.spaces.plist app-bindings
{
    "my.safari2" = "FC886111-EE78-4844-A5E5-A11BECA713CF";
}

In this case, you might also use Webkit.app or create a site-specific browser with Fluid.

It seems that what you are doing does not work the first time, but after 2 tries, it does. So do this to the 'When switching to an application, switch to a space with open windows for the application':

1. Turn it OFF in System Preferences → Mission Control
2. Turn it ON
3. Turn it OFF again.

You could also try typing this in Terminal:

defaults write com.apple.dock workspaces-auto-swoosh -boolean NO

...but that is said to only work in OSX Leopard on the website above but 'jgl777' over here said that it worked on his 10.8.3 Mountain Lion, so it's possible it could work on Mavericks. I would advise backing up if you do this, but you should be doing that even if you don't want to use this method!

Another option is to Ctrl + Click the application's icon in the dock and then click open in new window, this will open it in the current Desktop and a new window of the app.