View All Assigned Keyboard Shortcuts

Did you try double-clicking on the actual keyboard short cut for that function in System Preferences/Keyboard/Keyboard Shortcuts? You can change the key combo at will. Of course there is no guarantee they will take, just as your "Restore Defaults" did not take.

I use Spark, a free app that lets me map anything I want, and overrides the OS settings. If there is a con flit (which shows as the yellow triangle/traffic cone), I change the OS conflict to some unused combo.

I complained to Apple that I could not change those keyboard shortcuts to "Open app X". The response was that I should not try to do that, as the existing system was working as designed.

This is not a built-in cure using the native OS options, but it works.

According to this blog post, you can create a file called ~/Library/KeyBindings/DefaultKeyBinding.Dict (you might have to create the KeyBindings folder in your Library folder).

In that file, you need the following content:

{
   "@\UF702"  = "moveWordBackward:";
   "@\UF703"  = "moveWordForward:";    
}

(see the linked blog post for other Windows features you might want to recreate)

Not all programs that use text fields will use the default keybindings, but this will help with many programs.