Linux CPU – How to Set Processor Affinity of a Process

Could always use taskset -c 0 in order to set the process you want to have uninterupted to the first core then set all other processes to use other cores. Sounds pretty inefficient IMHO but it would accomplish what you are looking to do.

ps can give you that information if you ask for the psr column (or use the -F flag which includes it).

Ex:

$ ps -F $$
UID        PID  PPID  C    SZ   RSS PSR STIME TTY      STAT   TIME CMD
me        6415  6413  0  5210  2624   2 18:52 pts/0    SN     0:00 -su

Or:

$ ps -o pid,psr,comm -p $$
  PID PSR COMMAND
 6415   0 bash

My shell was running on CPU 2 when I ran the first command, on CPU 0 when I ran the second. Beware that processes can change CPUs very, very quickly so the information you actually see is, essentially, already stale.

Some more info in this Super User question's answers:

Linux: command to know the processor number in which a process is loaded?