command linefiles
File associations usually are made in the desktop environment, but how to get a list of applications associated with a file using command line?
Something like:
$ getassoc foo.pdf <CR>
$ acroread, okular
Does not need to be a command, can a cat + grep on any Gnome file
I'm using Gnome 2.28.2.
There isn't a command that I've ever seen that will act as "open with..." but you can use the command xdg-open <file> to open a given <file> in the application that's associated with that particular type of file.
Opening a text file:
$ xdg-open tstfile.txt
$
Resulting in the file tstfile.txt being opened in gedit:
Opening a LibreOffice Writer document:
$ xdg-open tstfile.odt
$
Resulting in the file tstfile.odt being opened in Writer:
You can use xdg-mime to query the system to find out what applications are associated to a given file type.
$ xdg-mime query default $(xdg-mime query filetype tstfile.txt)
gedit.desktop calibre-ebook-viewer.desktop
$ xdg-mime query default $(xdg-mime query filetype tstfile.odt)
libreoffice-writer.desktop calibre-ebook-viewer.desktop
This is a 2 step operation. First I'm querying for the mime-type of a given file, xdg-mime query filetype tstfile.txt, which will return text/plain. This is then used to perform another lookup to find out the list of applications that are associated with this mime-type. As you can see above I have 2 apps associated, gedit and calibre, for .txt files.
You can use xdg-mime to change the associations too. See man xdg-mime for more details.
zipinfo -1 file.zip
Or:
unzip -Z1 file.zip
Would list only the files.
If you still want the extra info for each file names, you could do:
unzip -Zl file.zip | sed '1,2d;$d'
Or:
unzip -l file.zip | sed '1,3d;$d' | sed '$d'
Or (assuming GNU head):
unzip -l file.zip | tail -n +4 | head -n -2
Or you could use libarchive's bsdtar:
$ bsdtar tf test.zip
file1.txt
file2.txt
file3.txt
$ bsdtar tvf test.zip
-rw-rw-r-- 0 1000 1000 810000 Jul 5 2014 file1.txt
-rw-rw-r-- 0 1000 1000 810000 Jul 5 2014 file2.txt
-rw-rw-r-- 0 1000 1000 810000 Jul 5 2014 file3.txt
$ bsdtar tvvf test.zip
-rw-rw-r-- 0 1000 1000 810000 Jul 5 2014 file1.txt
-rw-rw-r-- 0 1000 1000 810000 Jul 5 2014 file2.txt
-rw-rw-r-- 0 1000 1000 810000 Jul 5 2014 file3.txt
Archive Format: ZIP 2.0 (deflation), Compression: none
Best Answer
There really isn't a centralized resource that you can just "query" to get at this information. Rather it's maintained in a couple of text files that you can either manually parse if you know where to look or you can use the tool
xdg-mimeto construct the relationships.Example
Say I have a PNG file on disk. I can find out its MIME type like this.
I can then query
xdg-mimeasking it what the association is for this particular MIME type.Looking through the
mimeinfo.cacheon my system I can find out a bit more about associations for a given MIME type using the following command:The desktop definitions in the
mimeinfo.cachefile are stored here:And it contains the name of the executables you're asking about:
Often times if I just want to launch something, I'll use the tool
xdg-open <file|URL>to open a file rather than go and launch the app first, and then open the file.References