How to check if file has a BOM in utf-8 text

My answer is essentially the same as in your other question on this topic:

$ iconv -f UTF-16LE -t UTF-8 myfile.txt | grep pattern

As in the other question, you might need line ending conversion as well, but the point is that you should convert the file to the local encoding so you can use native tools directly.

Cedilla is a text-to-postscript converter, similar to enscript and a2ps, with good Unicode support but a lot fewer configuration possibilities. I don't think Cedilla can to multi-column.

If you want fine control over the formatting, you can use LaTeX. LaTeX's support for going beyond 8 bits is a bit problematic, but tools now exist to typeset Chinese fairly painlessly. Here's some untested code, inspired by How does one type Chinese in LaTeX? and Include data from a .txt on our sister site about TeX. You can customize the appearance of the text by changing the options passed to \VerbatimInput from the fancyvrb package.

cat <<'EOF' >driver.tex
\documentclass[UTF8]{ctexart}
\usepackage{multicol}
\usepackage{fancyvrb}
\setlength\columnseprule{.5pt}
\begin{document}
\begin{multicols}{2}
\VerbatimInput[fontfamily=cmr]{stuff.txt}
\end{multicols}
\end{document}
EOF
pdflatex driver.tex