Find command: how to ignore pathname

cutdirectoryfilesfindpath

I have to find some type of files in a directory and it's subdirectories and I only have to print out the filenames.
So here's the main command:
find -type f -name "*.c"

Now, how could I cut the paths from each result? (it possibily could be done with awk, but I hope, that there's an easier way to do that).

Best Answer

GNU find supports the -printf predicate, which supports the %f format specifier for outputting on the filename.

find -type f -name "*.c" -printf '%f\n'

Related Solutions

files – How to find and copy directories containing a specific file type

First, why your attempt doesn't work: -printf "%h\n" prints the directory part of the .avi file name. That doesn't affect anything in the subsequent -exec action — {} doesn't mean “whatever the last printf command printed”, it means “the path to the found file”.

If you want to use the directory part of the file name in that cp command, you need to modify the file name before passing it to cp. The find command doesn't have this capability, but a shell does, so make find invoke a shell which invokes cp.

find . -name "*.avi" -exec sh -c 'cp -Rp "${0%/*}" /share/USBDisk1/Movies/' {} \;

Note that you'll need to pass -r to cp since you're copying a directory. You should probably preserve metadata such as the files' modification time, too, with -p.

You may usefully replace cp -Rp by rsync -a. That way, if you've already copied a movie directory, it won't be copied again (unless its contents have changed).

Your command has a defect that may or may not affect you: if a directory contains multiple .avi files, it will be copied multiple times. It would be better to look for directories, and copy them if they contain a .avi file, rather than look for .avi files. If you use rsync instead of cp, the files won't be copied again, it's just a bit more work for rsync to verify the existence of the files over and over.

If all the movie directories are immediately under the toplevel directory, you don't need find, a simple loop over a wildcard pattern suffices.

for d in ./*/; do
  set -- "$d/"*.avi
  if [ -e "$1" ]; then
    # there is at least one .avi file in $d
    cp -rp -- "$d" /share/USBDisk1/Movies/
  fi
done

If the movie directories may be nested (e.g. Movies/science fiction/Ridley Scott/Blade Runner), you don't need find, a simple loop over a wildcard pattern suffices. You do need to be running ksh93 or bash ≥4 or zsh, and in ksh93 you need to run set -o globstar first, and in bash you need to run shopt -s globstar first. The wildcard pattern **/ matches the current directory and all its subdirectories recursively (bash also traverses symbolic links to subdirectories).

for d in ./**/; do
  set -- "$d/"*.avi
  if [ -e "$1" ]; then
    cp -rp -- "$d" /share/USBDisk1/Movies/
  fi
done

Shell – How to execute a bash command in all possible subdirectories

Solution Using Parallel

You could use GNU Parallel for a compact, faster solution.

find . -type d -print0 | parallel -0 cd {}'&&' <command-name>

This will work absolutely fine, even for directory names containing spaces and newlines. What parallel does here is that it takes the output from find, which is every directory and then feeds it to cd using {}. Then if changing the directory is successful, a separate command is run under this directory.

Regular Solution using while loop

find "$PWD" -type d | while read -r line; do cd "$line" && <command-name>; done;

Note that $PWD is used here because that variable contains the absolute path of current directory from where the command is being run. If you don't use absolute path, then cd might throw error in the while loop.

This is an easier solution. It will work most of the time except when directory names have weird characters in them like newlines (see comments).