Debian – Running a 32-bit application in Debian Wheezy 64 bits: Missing libraries

64bitdebianmultiarch

I want to play the game Aquaria in a Debian Wheezy 64 bits. The installation went ok, but when trying to play the game I get these errors:

ALSA lib conf.c:3314:(snd_config_hooks_call) Cannot open shared library libasound_module_conf_pulse.so
ALSA lib control.c:951:(snd_ctl_open_noupdate) Invalid CTL hw:0
AL lib: alsa.c:1000: control open (0): No such file or directory
Message: SDL_GL_LoadLibrary Error: Failed loading libGL.so.1

I have added 32 bit compatibility with dpkg --add-architecture i386 and I think that the required libraries are present in the system since typing locate libasound_module_conf_pulse.so yields:

/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/alsa-lib/libasound_module_conf_pulse.so

and locate libGL.so.1:

/etc/alternatives/glx--libGL.so.1-x86_64-linux-gnu
/usr/lib/mesa-diverted/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1
/usr/lib/mesa-diverted/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1.2
/usr/lib/mesa-diverted/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1
/usr/lib/mesa-diverted/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1.2
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/fglrx/fglrx-libGL.so.1.2
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/fglrx/libGL.so.1

However, it seems that Debian is ignoring them. What can I do to play Aquaria?

EDIT 1: ldd aquaria

linux-gate.so.1 =>  (0xf77e1000)
libSDL-1.2.so.0 => /opt/Aquaria/./libSDL-1.2.so.0 (0xf7748000)
libopenal.so.1 => /opt/Aquaria/./libopenal.so.1 (0xf76fa000)
libstdc++.so.6 => /opt/Aquaria/./libstdc++.so.6 (0xf760d000)
libm.so.6 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/i686/cmov/libm.so.6 (0xf75c3000)
libgcc_s.so.1 => /opt/Aquaria/./libgcc_s.so.1 (0xf75b8000)
libc.so.6 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/i686/cmov/libc.so.6 (0xf7455000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/i686/cmov/libdl.so.2 (0xf7451000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/i686/cmov/libpthread.so.0 (0xf7437000)
librt.so.1 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/i686/cmov/librt.so.1 (0xf742e000)
/lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0xf77e2000)

Best Answer

It seems you're missing the 32-bit libraries (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu contains 64-bit libraries). Now, let's figure out which packages you need for your libraries:

$ dpkg -S /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/alsa-lib/libasound_module_conf_pulse.so
libasound2-plugins:amd64: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/alsa-lib/libasound_module_conf_pulse.so
$ dpkg -S /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1
libgl1-mesa-glx:amd64: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1

So you need 32-bit versions of these packages:

# apt-get install libasound2-plugins:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:i386

In general, before you can install any 32-bit libraries, you must add the i386 architecture to dpkg:

# dpkg --add-architecture i386
# apt-get update

Update

Since the above didn't solve the libGL.so.1 issue and it seems from your ldd output that Aquaria can see all its required libraries, I googled the libGL.so.1 error message and two things came up. Please try the following 2 solutions in order:

As explained here try symlinking libGL.so.1:

ln -sv /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1.2 /usr/lib/libGL.so.1

Note that I modified the paths from the answer I linked to so that they're relevant to Debian instead.

~~The answer here suggests that you need to install libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 (which you've already done) plus libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 (which is what I'm suggesting you try next).~~

Update: What finally worked

apt-get purge libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 
apt-get install libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 
ln -s /usr/lib/mesa-diverted/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/

Related Solutions

Running 32 bit app on a 64 bit Linux machine

Practically no.

Note though that 64 and 32 bit application don't share libraries, so running one instance of 32 bit application may cause loading of many shared libraries "again".

Debian – How to convert a 32-bit (x86) Debian-based system to 64-bit

TL;DR: It is doable, but complicated. I have outlined an alternative at the bottom.

Now the long description, and take it with a grain of salt, as I may not have taken the best route:

It is possible, and here is what I did for the last two nights: There is a wiki entry describing the old-school way without multiarch support. It is helpful for fixing broken packages.

To migrate your base system, do this:

$ dpkg --print-architecture
i386
# dpkg --add-architecture amd64
$ dpkg --print-foreign-architectures
amd64
# apt-get update
# apt-get download gcc-4.6-base:amd64 libgcc1:amd64 libc6:amd64 \
          libselinux1:amd64 zlib1g:amd64 libbz2-1.0:amd64 dpkg:amd64
# dpkg -i gcc-4.6-base*.deb libgcc*.deb libc*.deb libselinux*.deb \
          libbz2*.deb zlib*.deb dpkg*.deb
$ dpkg --print-architecture
amd64
$ dpkg --print-foreign-architectures
i386

Some of your packages are then amd64, but most will remain i386. apt-get upgrade will take care of some packages, apt-get -f install will repair some of errors, but still most packages will remain i386. If you want to cope with this, then skip the tricky part ;)

Using dpkg --get-selections | grep :i386 will return all your packages, that you will still have to migrate.

My next idea was to do:

# apt-get install `dpkg --get-selections \
  | grep i386 \
  | awk {'gsub(/:i386/, ":amd64"); print $1'}`

But it turned out to be a bad idea: some packages are not available in amd64 (e.g. libc6-i686), apt-get will be confused, and a lot of packages will be installed in both versions. A lot of manual work in aptitude is to be done.

More hardship: Some essential packages can be replaced, so that you will always have the binaries installed for installation, but some packages will have to be removed and installed again, e.g. I had this problem with tar. I wgot the packages on another system, extracted the packages via ar p package.deb data.tar.gz | tar zx and then scped the extracted files via scp -r ./* root@other_computer:/, so the binaries are available again. Rinse and repeat, and the scped files will be overwritten.

What I would do instead

I have done the following, whenever I switched systems:

Back up /home, /etc (and maybe /var, /usr/local, some other files you have changed, /root, ..., YMMV).

Get a list of installed packages with dpkg --get-selections > packagelist and copy the resulting file packagelist as well.

Then do a clean reinstall of Debian, create all users again, maybe roles, etc.

Reinstall all packages with dpkg --set-selections < packagelist; apt-get -f install.

Copy back the backed up directories, files, and you are mostly done.

One downside to that approach: All your packages, including libraries, will be marked as manually installed, so they will not be uninstalled, when no package depends on them any more.

Best Answer

Related Solutions

Running 32 bit app on a 64 bit Linux machine

Debian – How to convert a 32-bit (x86) Debian-based system to 64-bit

Related Question