I'm running Debian Squeeze on a plug computer (so SSH only, no GUI) and what I'm trying to do is get it so that when a USB stick is plugged in, it gets automatically mounted.
What I've done is install autofs
which from what I gather handles the automounting providing it knows where the device is in /dev
.
The problem is that the USB stick isn't always on the same device name. Sometime's it's /dev/sdc1
, sometimes /dev/sdd1
, etc.
I gather that to remedy this, I need to use udev
to ensure that the USB stick is always given the same name.
I got the following info out of udevadm
:
Udevadm info starts with the device specified by the devpath and then
walks up the chain of parent devices. It prints for every device
found, all possible attributes in the udev rules key format.
A rule to match, can be composed by the attributes of the device
and the attributes from one single parent device.
looking at device '/block/sdd/sdd1':
KERNEL=="sdd1"
SUBSYSTEM=="block"
DRIVER==""
ATTR{partition}=="1"
ATTR{start}=="63"
ATTR{size}=="129339"
ATTR{ro}=="0"
ATTR{alignment_offset}=="0"
ATTR{discard_alignment}=="0"
ATTR{stat}==" 31 244 275 190 0 0 0 0 0 190 190"
ATTR{inflight}==" 0 0"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/orion-ehci.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.2/1-1.2:1.0/host8/target8:0:0/8:0:0:0/block/sdd':
KERNELS=="sdd"
SUBSYSTEMS=="block"
DRIVERS==""
ATTRS{range}=="16"
ATTRS{ext_range}=="256"
ATTRS{removable}=="1"
ATTRS{ro}=="0"
ATTRS{size}=="129439"
ATTRS{alignment_offset}=="0"
ATTRS{discard_alignment}=="0"
ATTRS{capability}=="51"
ATTRS{stat}==" 56 727 783 520 0 0 0 0 0 520 520"
ATTRS{inflight}==" 0 0"
ATTRS{events}=="media_change"
ATTRS{events_async}==""
ATTRS{events_poll_msecs}=="-1"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/orion-ehci.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.2/1-1.2:1.0/host8/target8:0:0/8:0:0:0':
KERNELS=="8:0:0:0"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi"
DRIVERS=="sd"
ATTRS{device_blocked}=="0"
ATTRS{type}=="0"
ATTRS{scsi_level}=="3"
ATTRS{vendor}==" "
ATTRS{model}=="Flash Disk "
ATTRS{rev}=="2.00"
ATTRS{state}=="running"
ATTRS{timeout}=="30"
ATTRS{iocounterbits}=="32"
ATTRS{iorequest_cnt}=="0x90"
ATTRS{iodone_cnt}=="0x90"
ATTRS{ioerr_cnt}=="0x0"
ATTRS{modalias}=="scsi:t-0x00"
ATTRS{evt_media_change}=="0"
ATTRS{queue_depth}=="1"
ATTRS{queue_type}=="none"
ATTRS{max_sectors}=="240"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/orion-ehci.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.2/1-1.2:1.0/host8/target8:0:0':
KERNELS=="target8:0:0"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi"
DRIVERS==""
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/orion-ehci.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.2/1-1.2:1.0/host8':
KERNELS=="host8"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi"
DRIVERS==""
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/orion-ehci.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.2/1-1.2:1.0':
KERNELS=="1-1.2:1.0"
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
DRIVERS=="usb-storage"
ATTRS{bInterfaceNumber}=="00"
ATTRS{bAlternateSetting}==" 0"
ATTRS{bNumEndpoints}=="02"
ATTRS{bInterfaceClass}=="08"
ATTRS{bInterfaceSubClass}=="06"
ATTRS{bInterfaceProtocol}=="50"
ATTRS{modalias}=="usb:v1976p6025d0100dc00dsc00dp00ic08isc06ip50"
ATTRS{supports_autosuspend}=="1"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/orion-ehci.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.2':
KERNELS=="1-1.2"
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
DRIVERS=="usb"
ATTRS{configuration}==""
ATTRS{bNumInterfaces}==" 1"
ATTRS{bConfigurationValue}=="1"
ATTRS{bmAttributes}=="80"
ATTRS{bMaxPower}=="100mA"
ATTRS{urbnum}=="383"
ATTRS{idVendor}=="1976"
ATTRS{idProduct}=="6025"
ATTRS{bcdDevice}=="0100"
ATTRS{bDeviceClass}=="00"
ATTRS{bDeviceSubClass}=="00"
ATTRS{bDeviceProtocol}=="00"
ATTRS{bNumConfigurations}=="1"
ATTRS{bMaxPacketSize0}=="64"
ATTRS{speed}=="12"
ATTRS{busnum}=="1"
ATTRS{devnum}=="11"
ATTRS{devpath}=="1.2"
ATTRS{version}==" 1.10"
ATTRS{maxchild}=="0"
ATTRS{quirks}=="0x0"
ATTRS{avoid_reset_quirk}=="0"
ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/orion-ehci.0/usb1/1-1':
KERNELS=="1-1"
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
DRIVERS=="usb"
ATTRS{configuration}==""
ATTRS{bNumInterfaces}==" 1"
ATTRS{bConfigurationValue}=="1"
ATTRS{bmAttributes}=="e0"
ATTRS{bMaxPower}=="100mA"
ATTRS{urbnum}=="197"
ATTRS{idVendor}=="1a40"
ATTRS{idProduct}=="0101"
ATTRS{bcdDevice}=="0111"
ATTRS{bDeviceClass}=="09"
ATTRS{bDeviceSubClass}=="00"
ATTRS{bDeviceProtocol}=="01"
ATTRS{bNumConfigurations}=="1"
ATTRS{bMaxPacketSize0}=="64"
ATTRS{speed}=="480"
ATTRS{busnum}=="1"
ATTRS{devnum}=="2"
ATTRS{devpath}=="1"
ATTRS{version}==" 2.00"
ATTRS{maxchild}=="4"
ATTRS{quirks}=="0x0"
ATTRS{avoid_reset_quirk}=="0"
ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
ATTRS{product}=="USB 2.0 Hub"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/orion-ehci.0/usb1':
KERNELS=="usb1"
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
DRIVERS=="usb"
ATTRS{configuration}==""
ATTRS{bNumInterfaces}==" 1"
ATTRS{bConfigurationValue}=="1"
ATTRS{bmAttributes}=="e0"
ATTRS{bMaxPower}==" 0mA"
ATTRS{urbnum}=="24"
ATTRS{idVendor}=="1d6b"
ATTRS{idProduct}=="0002"
ATTRS{bcdDevice}=="0206"
ATTRS{bDeviceClass}=="09"
ATTRS{bDeviceSubClass}=="00"
ATTRS{bDeviceProtocol}=="01"
ATTRS{bNumConfigurations}=="1"
ATTRS{bMaxPacketSize0}=="64"
ATTRS{speed}=="480"
ATTRS{busnum}=="1"
ATTRS{devnum}=="1"
ATTRS{devpath}=="0"
ATTRS{version}==" 2.00"
ATTRS{maxchild}=="1"
ATTRS{quirks}=="0x0"
ATTRS{avoid_reset_quirk}=="0"
ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
ATTRS{manufacturer}=="Linux 2.6.38.8 ehci_hcd"
ATTRS{product}=="Marvell Orion EHCI"
ATTRS{serial}=="orion-ehci.0"
ATTRS{authorized_default}=="1"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/orion-ehci.0':
KERNELS=="orion-ehci.0"
SUBSYSTEMS=="platform"
DRIVERS=="orion-ehci"
ATTRS{modalias}=="platform:orion-ehci"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform':
KERNELS=="platform"
SUBSYSTEMS==""
DRIVERS==""
I've been trying to write udev
rules to force the USB stick to take the name /dev/usbstick
but so far I haven't been successful.
Can someone help out with what rule I need to specify in my rules file to get this USB stick to always get the same name?
— Or, is there much easier way to automount the USB stick that I'm missing entirely?
UPDATE
OK so I have made some progress. I added the following rule:
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi", ATTRS{model}=="Flash Disk ", DRIVERS=="sd", NAME="usbstick-%k" RUN+="mkdir /mnt/usbstick-%k; mount /dev/usbstick-%k /mnt/usbstick-%k"
I know this still needs some work in terms of handling add/remove, but it's just a basic test for now.
The effect of this is that I now manage to get three new device nodes in /dev
, namely /dev/usbstick-sdc
, /dev/usbstick-sdc1
and usbstick-sg2
.
However, what I've found is that the code in the RUN
section only executes once and just makes a directory mnt/usbstick-sdc
. I've also found that the directory is always empty, so something is clearly still going wrong! (although I'm making progress).
Best Answer
Figured there should be a much easier way to address such a common problem, and there is. Here's what I tried on my wheezy/sid server:
Plug in usb stick, done! My stick is now accessible through
/media/usb
.Btw, usbmount doesn't have a man page, please read
/usr/share/doc/usbmount/README.gz
instead. It seems usbmount mounts your stick with the sync option by default. It might be a whole lot better for your stick to mount it async and runsync
orumount
before unplugging it. That is configurable.