Ubuntu – Where did “Open with” (user defined command) go

As aneeshep's answer explains, the key is creating an appropriate .desktop "launcher". But there's a simpler way than doing it by hand; in many cases, you may not even need to edit the .desktop file.

Solution: Use Ubuntu Tweak

• Ubuntu Tweak is a utility, which among other things, allows you to associate file types to be opened with a custom command. Behind the scenes, it creates a .desktop file which you can edit further for your needs, e.g. if you are using a command-line editor or program to open, etc.

In this how-to, we look at how to set up Nautilus to open .php files in the free Komodo Edit GUI text editor, which comes with a shell-installer that installs it in your home directory by default; the program/command is then /home/user/Komodo-Edit-7/bin/komodo

1. Install Ubuntu Tweak

• Add its PPA, update and install Ubuntu Tweak from the terminal with:

  sudo apt-add-repository ppa:tualatrix/ppa
  sudo apt-get update
  sudo apt-get install ubuntu-tweak
  

  Update: Check this question for updated instructions for newer Ubuntu releases

  • How do I install Ubuntu-Tweak?

2. Find the MIME description for your file extension

• Before using Ubuntu Tweak, we need to find the MIME description for the file extension we're interested in.

• Open Nautilus, find one of the files we want (here, .php), right-click on it and click on Properties:

  

• In the Properties window which comes up, note the text shown just after Type:; that's the MIME description we're looking for (here, "PHP Script"):

  

3. Add a custom program to open your filetype

• Start Ubuntu Tweak from the Dash, and click on the Admins tab on top; then click on the File Type Manager entry on the bottom:

  

• After the File Type Manager opens, click on All in the left sidebar, and uncheck the Only show filetypes... box at the bottom:

  

• Select any filetype on the right side, and begin typing the first few letters of the MIME description from Step 2 to automatically search and select your filetype:

  

• Double-click on your filetype, which is now selected, to edit its associated commands.

  • Click on Add, and in the Add Application window, expand the Custom Command option on the bottom
  • Type the command/program you want or use the Browse button to navigate to it and select it; here we have selected the Komodo-Edit editor from my home folder:

  

  • Click on Add, so the new command is now the default, and then click Close:

  

• PHP files will now open in Komodo by default, as seen in the Properties below; press the Reset button to go back to the default for that filetype:

  

You can create a .desktop file that will be listed on 'Open with other application' tab:

• Navigate to ~/.local/share/applications
• Create a file called textfig.desktop with these contents:

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=Textfig
Comment=Edit fig files using custom textfig script
Exec=<path to your script> %u
Terminal=true
Type=Application
Icon=
Categories=Application;Utility;TextEditor;
StartupNotify=true
MimeType=text/plain;
NoDisplay=true

After this you will see Textfig in your Open with other application tab, select it and when you double click the file you will be able to open it using your program.

Just adjust the rest of the values a bit more to fit your needs. The %u will tell nautilus to execute it on the currently selected file.