Ubuntu – Ubuntu terminal cant type special characters like backslash (\), slash(/), semicolon (:), etc properly

I'm running Ubuntu 14.04 without GUI and i'm having problems entering characters like backslash, slash, semicolon and so forth. The keys which would normally enter these characters print out all kinds of different characters instead.

How can i change this, so that i can actually type out the characters which are listed on the keys on my keyboard. I suppose this is some kind of problem with the layout of the keyboard, but i can't seem to figure out how to fix it.
Furthermore, ctrl+x doesn't work either (which makes it hugely problematic when i want to edit files using sudo nano).

Any help would be greatly appreciated!
Thanks.