Ubuntu – Python dependencies in Debian packages

The "Python.h" error message indicates that you are missing the python3-devpackage, which you need to build any Python extensions (Python modules written in C), which you can get with:

apt-get install python3-dev

To get up and running from scratch:

apt-get update && apt-get install python3-dev python3-pip build-essential libzmq3-dev
pip3 install virtualenv
virtualenv -p $(which python3) myenv
source myenv/bin/activate
pip install pyzmq
python -c 'import zmq; print(zmq.zmq_version())'
# 4.0.4

The installed packages:

• build-essential: compilers and headers for building things on Ubuntu.
• python3-dev: headers (Python.h) needed for compiling any Python extensions.
• libzmq3-dev: the libzmq library and its headers. This is optional, but recommended. PyZMQ will link against libzmq found on the system if it can, otherwise it will build libzmq itself as a Python extension.
• pip, virtualenv: Shouldn't be needed, but used to workaround Ubuntu's bug that breaks python3 -m venv.

I ran the above commands in a base ubuntu:14.04 docker container to verify that they are sufficient to successfully build pyzmq in a virtualenv.

You broke your system by unwisely installing software from a non-Ubuntu source.

Lots of good clues in the error message:

openssl : Depends: libssl1.0.0 (>= 1.0.2g) but 1.0.2d-1 is installed

libssl1.0.0 1.0.2g is in the Ubuntu 16.04 repositories.

libssl1.0.0 1.0.2d-1 is not in Ubuntu (nor Debian). You installed it from somewhere else.

To fix the problem, disable the non-Ubuntu source. Then uninstall ALL packages from that source. Refresh your package database (sudo apt update) because your sources have changed. Test your package manager for proper function (sudo apt upgrade). Then re-install the packages you need from the Ubuntu repositories.