I installed Ubuntu and forgot to create swap during installation… So I did cut off 4GiB out of my system partition and I'm confused what to do next? I can reboot Ubuntu everything is fine but when I run:
sudo blkid
or
sudo parted -l
or
sudo fdisk -l
it doesn't appear anywhere… for example this output:
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo parted -l
Model: ATA Hitachi HDP72503 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 320GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 32,3kB 47,5GB 47,5GB primary ext4 boot
3 47,5GB 51,5GB 3999MB primary linux-swap(v1)
2 51,5GB 320GB 269GB extended
5 51,5GB 320GB 269GB logical ntfs
Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system).
/dev/sr0 has been opened read-only.
Error: Can't have a partition outside the disk!
I was using this topic but still cannot figure it out.
other outputs:
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x27252724
/dev/sda1 * 63 92851625 46425781+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 100663357 625137344 262236994 5 Расширенный
/dev/sda3 92852224 100663295 3905536 82 Linux своп / Solaris
/dev/sda5 100663359 625137344 262236993 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
and:
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo blkid
/dev/sda1: UUID="98b0cee6-3b81-4e39-bb43-4847e297b7ff" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda3: UUID="807aba97-139f-4170-9bbf-5b58def95125" TYPE="swap"
/dev/sda5: UUID="2644E68F76515A43" TYPE="ntfs"
and:
free -l
total used free shared buffers cached
memory: 2063796 1238992 824804 8024 78256 535504
Low: 880428 576176 304252
High: 1183368 662816 520552
-/+ buffer/cache: 625232 1438564
Swap: 0 0 0
Best Answer
To begin, one last check to make sure you definitely don't have swap:
This should list any available swap files. If nothing is listed then you will need to create one. The following command will create a 4gb swap, as an approximate rule the size of your swap should be the same size as the amount of RAM your machine has:
(obviously replace 4G with 8G if you have 8gb of RAM etc.!)
Verify that the swap size is correct with:
Next set the permissions on the swap file so it's only accessible by root:
Next set the swap file up using:
Finally use the following command to enable the swap:
You can check that swap is now in use by typing:
Congrats, you should now have swap. Next you might want to...
Make swap automatically load at startup:
And then add the following line to the bottom of the file:
For more information, such as optimizing swap, this article has a great overview.