I am using a Japanese 109-key keyboard. I can use the zenkaku (全角) toggle key to switch between romaji and hiragana input, but the katakana/hiragana/romaji (カタカナ・ひらがな・ローマ字) toggle key has no effect.
(I'm using Ubuntu 16.04)
16.04fcitxinput-methodjapanesemozc
I am using a Japanese 109-key keyboard. I can use the zenkaku (全角) toggle key to switch between romaji and hiragana input, but the katakana/hiragana/romaji (カタカナ・ひらがな・ローマ字) toggle key has no effect.
(I'm using Ubuntu 16.04)
Hope this helps
Steps to create the Japanese Mozc key bindings, to switch the input modes:
Gnome Status
menu (Gnome's top-left bar) > IBus
menu (i.e. keyboard/input language selector) > Select Japanese Mozc
input method.Gnome Status Menu
> IBuz
> tools
> Properties
> Mozc Settings
window.Keymap style
section > click on customize
button (first one).reset to defaults
button from Mozc Settings
window.That's all!
Steps to create the key bindings to toggle Japanese syllabaries input mode.
In Japanese (日本語, nihongo), you need to write using a lot of different symbols-sets. A informal categorization of these sets can be like:
So, dedicated keys exists on Japanese keyboards to toggle between them. An analogy with occidental keyboard are the Capslock key to upper/lower-case or, Shift key to insert symbols. But the occidental keyboard hasn't these Japanese keys. So how to type in Japanese using a non-Japanese keyboard?
Basically, two solutions can be listed:
Easiest solution so far. Acquire one Japanese keyboard, install and configure on your Operation System. But you need access to one, maybe buying one (with international credit card, taxes, waiting for shipping and so on).
It is a cheap solution and you can use it in any keyboard you have. But you need to install software, configure, and memorize MANY key combinations. It is basically "a sea of shortcuts" to emulate the Japanese keyboard. Linux have some software to simulate a Japanese keyboard for using a non-Japanese keyboard.
Let's implement the solution 2.
Our computer can receive inputs from many talked/typed languages and hardware (i.e. different keyboards and layouts). So it needs to organize the configurations and permit to the user choice between different languages. For example, a user can type one document in Italian AND English languages, at alternating times. So the software needs to show the user a way to change the language to be inputted.
The Linux user have 2 layers of software to configure the input method by keyboard:
For the Linux user, an example o IMF is IBus; an a example of IME is MOZC. The first one will switch between all installed IMEs and switch between all idioms/languages installed too. The second one, if selected, will send to the IMF only Japanese keys, even if you typed in a non-Japanese keyboard. About Japanese IMEs, you can read more about here, and visualize the states/events in these diagrams:
Diagram 1:
Diagram 2:
The Japanese keyboard layout (キーボード) is established by Japanese International Standard (JIS). First of all, let's contemplate the Japanese keyboard! Watch an open box video. You can see the vector draw bellow, showing clearly the Japanese keys:
Finally, some real pictures bellow:
Try to identify each key, slowly.
We have:
You can have more description of these specific keys here. And read about the text frequency of hiragana, katakana e kanji and here.
How a Japanese user type on this keyboard?
For example, lets type "kakikukeko" in romaji mode
:
romaji mode
.k
.か
(ka).かk
.かき
(kaki).かきk
.かきく
(kakiku).かきくk
.かきくけ
(kakikuke).かきくけk
.かきくけこ
(kakikukeko).かきくけこ
(kakikukeko ).Another example, type "kakikukeko" in hiragana mode
.
kana mode
.か
(ka).かき
(kaki).かきく
(kakiku).かきくけ
(kakikuke).かきくけこ
(kakikukeko).かきくけこ
(kakikukeko ).And to convert to katakana or kanji is the same thing.
You can toggle to katakana mode
or kanji mode
and type on romaji or hiragana.
And the computer will pop up an autocomplete window to you select your desired word.
Now, we will use software to type Japanese in a non-Japanese keyboard. My system when I create this text was:
Ubuntu came with the IMF IBus
(like a built in).
But if you need to install IBus:
sudo apt install ibus
Next, let's install our Japanese IME MOZC
:
sudo apt install ibus-mozc
Observation: look at the name of the package ibus-mozc
.
Its our IMF + IME names.
So, in future we can search on APT repositories for IMF and Japanese IME alternatives, like ibus-*
, or *-mozc
.
Installations completed!
A Japanese keyboard has many different keys, to switch:
It is necessary to edit and memorize the Japanese input software's (binding) shortcut keys. Hiragana, katakana, kanji, romaji, upper/lower-case, full/half-width, Japanese symbols (period, quote, maru, tenten etc). So, you need to memorize/edit the keys to (des)activate the switches.
See the screenshots from before to get a hint of where the MOZC keymap is. To edit/read these keys on your Mozc:
IBus
(at GNOME Status Menu
) > Japanese (Mozc)
.IBus
(at GNOME Status Menu
) > Tools
> Properties
.Mozc Setting
window popped up, click on:
General
tab > Keymap
section (at bottom) > Keymap Style customize
button (first one).Mozc keymap editor
window popped up, click on:
Scroll up and down to memorize and edit the Japanese keymap (bindings).From MOZC's source-code, see the table with all matches to the Japanese JIS special keys, as bellow:
...
Composition Eisu ToggleAlphanumericMode
Conversion Eisu ToggleAlphanumericMode
DirectInput Eisu IMEOn
Precomposition Eisu ToggleAlphanumericMode
...
Composition Hankaku/Zenkaku IMEOff
Conversion Hankaku/Zenkaku IMEOff
DirectInput Hankaku/Zenkaku IMEOn
Precomposition Hankaku/Zenkaku IMEOff
...
Composition Muhenkan SwitchKanaType
Conversion Muhenkan SwitchKanaType
Precomposition Muhenkan InputModeSwitchKanaType
...
You can consider to study/test other MOZC keys too, like:
...
DirectInput F13 IMEOn
...
Composition Ctrl i ConvertToFullKatakana
Conversion Ctrl i ConvertToFullKatakana
...
Composition Ctrl o ConvertToHalfWidth
Conversion Ctrl o ConvertToHalfWidth
Composition Ctrl p ConvertToFullAlphanumeric
Conversion Ctrl p ConvertToFullAlphanumeric
...
Composition Ctrl t ConvertToHalfAlphanumeric
Conversion Ctrl t ConvertToHalfAlphanumeric
Composition Ctrl u ConvertToHiragana
Conversion Ctrl u ConvertToHiragana
...
Composition F10 ConvertToHalfAlphanumeric
Conversion F10 ConvertToHalfAlphanumeric
DirectInput F13 IMEOn
Composition F2 ConvertWithoutHistory
Composition F6 ConvertToHiragana
Conversion F6 ConvertToHiragana
Composition F7 ConvertToFullKatakana
Conversion F7 ConvertToFullKatakana
Composition F8 ConvertToHalfWidth
Conversion F8 ConvertToHalfWidth
Composition F9 ConvertToFullAlphanumeric
Conversion F9 ConvertToFullAlphanumeric
...
Composition Henkan Convert
Conversion Henkan ConvertNext
DirectInput Henkan Reconvert
Precomposition Henkan Reconvert
...
Composition Hiragana InputModeHiragana
Conversion Hiragana InputModeHiragana
DirectInput Hiragana IMEOn
Precomposition Hiragana InputModeHiragana
...
Composition Katakana InputModeFullKatakana
Conversion Katakana InputModeFullKatakana
DirectInput Katakana IMEOn
Precomposition Katakana InputModeFullKatakana
...
Composition Shift Muhenkan ConvertToFullAlphanumeric
Conversion Shift Muhenkan ConvertToFullAlphanumeric
Precomposition Shift Muhenkan ToggleAlphanumericMode
...
Composition Kanji IMEOff
Composition OFF IMEOff
Composition ON IMEOn
Conversion Kanji IMEOff
Conversion OFF IMEOff
Conversion ON IMEOn
DirectInput Kanji IMEOn
DirectInput ON IMEOn
Precomposition ASCII InsertCharacter
Precomposition Kanji IMEOff
Precomposition OFF IMEOff
Precomposition ON IMEOn
...
So, we need to create new shortcuts similar with these, like bellow (these are my shortcut sugestions):
...
Composition Ctrl j IMEOff
Conversion Ctrl j IMEOff
DirectInput Ctrl j IMEOn
Precomposition Ctrl j IMEOff
Composition Ctrl b SwitchKanaType
Conversion Ctrl b SwitchKanaType
Composition Ctrl y ToggleAlphanumericMode
Conversion Ctrl y ToggleAlphanumericMode
DirectInput Ctrl y IMEOn
Precomposition Ctrl y ToggleAlphanumericMode
...
If you are interested, you can read MOZC's romaji-hiragana conversion table.
reset to defauts
button at Mozc setting
window (opened in Step 3).If you edit these shortcuts, please consider conflicts with your existing shortcuts from:
With these key bindings you can type very well in a non-japanese keyboard. We didn't binding the others japanese keys to let you study the subject.
Im using IBus to be my input method editor (IME). But you can switch to other IMF/IME if you desire. Others IMEs are:
The same as to input method framework (IMF), like:
sudo apt install fcitx
.
sudo apt install fcitx-mozc
.sudo apt install fictx-kkc
.sudo apt install fictx-skk
.A list of IMF can be found List of input methods for Unix platforms and Linux input method framework brief summary.
You can manage the keymap saving, editing, import/export and so on. To do that, read the file at source-code. If you wanna, you can download this file and edit it to be imported into your MOZC software.
So, to import/export the keymap file:
GNOME Status Menu
, select MOZC input method.GNOME Status Menu
, select Tools
> Properties
.Mozc Setting
window popped up, click on:
General
tab > Keymap
section (at bottom) > Keymap Style customize
button (first one).Mozc keymap editor
window popped up, click on:
Edit
button menu (at bottom) > click import from file...
or export from file...
.
With that you can save (export) your keymap editions.
And you can to insert a new keymap edited by importing it.That's all!
You may be interested in read this MOZC issue about how to switch between MOZC j-sylabaries. A good answer about MOZC inputs can be found here. A brief about MOZC input at askubuntu. A lot of questions commented about MOZC and input method. Answers to start MOZC in Hiragana mode.
Best Answer
I do it this way:
Open mozc setup (i.e., Mozc settings) and assign your favorite keys
Katakana/Hiragana/Romaji keys are for some particular input methods available in Windows and are from the 20th century...