Ubuntu 20.10 – How to Get Nvidia Graphics Working with Kernel 5.10

To answer the first question Why are there only two packages? or Why aren't there two header files? -- when they're cross compiled, they're packaged up to handle every use case. By splitting the headers into a larger all package and a smaller arch-specific one, you save bandwidth pushing them out to users. When you're doing it yourself, you only need it for one arch so one headers file will do.

As for the symlink through to your source location, I have had the same issue. I have not found a good fix other than to also generate a linux_source package (just add that on after kernel_image kernel_headers) and then fix the symlink manually.

There is actually a question all about this side of things already. The long-term solution seems to be hacking in a script that runs after each kernel installation that just fixes the symink up.

I had exactly the same problem. The solution that worked for me is in this article:
How to install VMWare Workstation 12 on Linux 4.10 Kernel

1. Install VMware as normal

   In our case we installed VMware with a bundle file. To get the bundle to run you have to run chmod u+x on it, then run:

   sudo ./VMware-Workstation-Full-12.5.bundle #(example filename)
   

2. Install GCC and build-essentials

   sudo apt install gcc build-essential
   

3. Patch VMware

   sudo tar -xf /usr/lib/vmware/modules/source/vmmon.tar
   sudo nano vmmon-only/linux/hostif.c
   

   Around line 1162, change

   #if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(4, 6, 0)
   retval = get_user_pages((unsigned long)uvAddr, numPages, 0, 0, ppages, NULL);
   #else
   retval = get_user_pages(current, current->mm, (unsigned long)uvAddr,
   numPages, 0, 0, ppages, NULL);
   #endif
   

   to

   #if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(4, 10, 0)
   retval = get_user_pages((unsigned long)uvAddr, numPages, 0, ppages, NULL);
   #else
   #if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(4, 6, 0)
   retval = get_user_pages((unsigned long)uvAddr, numPages, 0, 0, ppages, NULL);
   #else
   retval = get_user_pages(current, current->mm, (unsigned long)uvAddr,
   numPages, 0, 0, ppages, NULL);
   #endif
   #endif
   

   Save the file and exit, then:

   sudo tar -cf /usr/lib/vmware/modules/source/vmmon.tar vmmon-only/
   sudo tar -xf /usr/lib/vmware/modules/source/vmnet.tar
   sudo nano vmnet-only/userif.c
   

   Below line 114, change

   #if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(4, 6, 0)
   retval = get_user_pages(addr, 1, 1, 0, &page, NULL);
   #else
   retval = get_user_pages(current, current->mm, addr,
   1, 1, 0, &page, NULL);
   #endif
   

   to

   #if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(4, 10, 0)
   retval = get_user_pages(addr, 1, 0, &page, NULL);
   #else
   #if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(4, 6, 0)
   retval = get_user_pages(addr, 1, 1, 0, &page, NULL);
   #else
   retval = get_user_pages(current, current->mm, addr,
   1, 1, 0, &page, NULL);
   #endif
   #endif
   

   Save the file, exit, and then re-tar that one too

    sudo tar -cf /usr/lib/vmware/modules/source/vmnet.tar vmnet-only/
   

4. Run VMware again

5. Now just start VMware as normal and it should install vmon and vmnet correctly.