Dynamic Linking – How to Resolve ‘Undefined Reference to dlopen’ Errors in OpenFST on Ubuntu

This whole path business is related to something called multi-arch. Basically it's to allow you to have 32bit and 64bit libraries on the same system.

After you copied the file, did you happen to run ldconfig?

ldconfig  creates,  updates,  and removes the necessary links and cache
       (for use by the run-time linker,  ld.so)  to  the  most  recent  shared
       libraries  found  in  the directories specified on the command line, in
       the file /etc/ld.so.conf, and in the trusted directories (/usr/lib  and
       /lib).   ldconfig  checks the header and file names of the libraries it
       encounters when determining which  versions  should  have  their  links
       updated.  ldconfig ignores symbolic links when scanning for libraries.

With muru's recommendation we should use realpath command.

But with small note that running realpath on the earliest stage will not work as expected.

So we need to add one extra step to process the output file:

dpkg -S $(realpath $(grep -E "/lib.*" --only-matching /tmp/not-from-apt)) 2> /tmp/not-from-apt-final

And the complete method for 20.04 LTS will look as follows:

export EXE=/usr/bin/mc;

dpkg -S $(ldd $EXE | grep -v "=>" | awk '{print $1}') 2> /tmp/not-from-apt
dpkg -S $(ldd $EXE | grep "=>" | awk '{print $3}') 2>> /tmp/not-from-apt

dpkg -S $(realpath $(grep -E "/lib.*" --only-matching /tmp/not-from-apt)) 2> /tmp/not-from-apt-final

it will produce empty /tmp/not-from-apt-final file when there are no errors.
Also one can always check the contents of /tmp/not-from-apt for extra info.