Ubuntu – How to create a new folder from a terminal with administrative permissions

command linedirectory

I want to install JAVA, but the installation instructions ask me to create a new folder, called /java/, into the standard /usr/ folder.

But this folder is blocked. I mean, I can not to create a new folder on it, with the PCManFM file manager, because that option is grey.

So I guess there should be a command to create it from a Terminal session. (With sudo, maybe?)

How can I get it? Which is the right command to get it?

Best Answer

I'm going to address two parts of your question: java installation and folder creation.

Java installation

We already have a question about that: How can I install Sun/Oracle's proprietary Java JDK 6/7/8 or JRE?.All of the necessary commands are there, and I strongly suggest you read their manual pages with man COMMAND in terminal.

There's also open-source version of Java, Open JDK. Installation of that is somewhat simpler

sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre openjdk-7-jdk icedtea-7-plugin

That's pretty much it - apt-get will take care of everything. When you install some package with apt-get or dpkg there should be preinstall and postinstall scripts that come along with the package, and run automatically to set up whatever program you're getting.

Folder Creation

Folder ( in linux terminology - directory ) creation, just like file creation, depends on the permissions. If a folder has the following permissions,

drwxr-xr-x 15 testuser  testuser   4096 Nov 22 12:34 testuser/

that means the owner of that folder testuser can read-write-execute stuff there (first rwx), and group testuser can only read and execute stuff there - that's the r-x part, and final r-x part means read execute for any other groups or users.

/usr folder is owned by root user, so only root can write there, that means create files or folder. Hence for that you need sudo to gain root privileges temporarily.

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Ubuntu – How to copy a folder from /home/kevin to /opt

You have to use the -r flag when copying directories, in other words,

sudo cp -r /home/kevin/compat-wireless-3.5-3 /opt

-r means the directory will be copied recursively, content first, then the directory itself.

Ubuntu – How to create a new profile for Gnome terminal via command line

# find out how many pofiles there are - at the beginning there will be just 1 - Default
profiles_list=$(gconftool-2 --get "/apps/gnome-terminal/global/profile_list" | sed "s|\[||;s|\]||;")
echo "1 Profiles List: " ${profiles_list}
last_profile=$(echo "${profiles_list}" | sed "s/^.*,//" | sed 's/Profile//')
echo "Last Profile Name/Number: " ${last_profile}

# set the "ProfileX" X number to 0 if only default is there or whatever the last is plus 1
if [ ${last_profile} == "Default" ]; then
    next_profile_number=0;
echo "1 New Profile Number: " ${next_profile_number}
else
    next_profile_number=$(( ${last_profile} + 1 ));
echo "2 New Profile Number: " ${next_profile_number}
fi
echo "New Profile Number: " ${next_profile_number}

# construct profiles list with extra profile "number"
profiles_list=$(echo "[${profiles_list},Profile${next_profile_number}]")
echo "1 Profiles List: " ${profiles_list}

# get a dump of the default profile, change global name to the new profile name
profileName=MyNewProfile
gconftool-2 --dump "/apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default" > /tmp/${USER}_gnome-terminal_profiles_${profileName}.xml
sed -i "s|Default|Profile${next_profile_number}|g" /tmp/${USER}_gnome-terminal_profiles_${profileName}.xml

# load new profile
gconftool-2 --load /tmp/${USER}_gnome-terminal_profiles_${profileName}.xml

# tell gnome-terminal that is has another profile
gconftool-2 --set --type list --list-type string "/apps/gnome-terminal/global/profile_list" "${profiles_list}"

# set properties
gconftool-2 --set --type string /apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Profile${next_profile_number}/visible_name "${profileName}"
gconftool-2 --set --type string /apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Profile${next_profile_number}/exit_action "hold"
gconftool-2 --set --type string /apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Profile${next_profile_number}/font "Monospace 14"
gconftool-2 --set --type string /apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Profile${next_profile_number}/background_color "#000000000000"
gconftool-2 --set --type string /apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Profile${next_profile_number}/foreground_color "#0000FFFF0000"
gconftool-2 --set --type string /apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Profile${next_profile_number}/scrollbar_position "hidden"
gconftool-2 --set --type boolean /apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Profile${next_profile_number}/use_system_font "false"
gconftool-2 --set --type boolean /apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Profile${next_profile_number}/use_theme_colors "false"
gconftool-2 --set --type boolean /apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Profile${next_profile_number}/login_shell "true"
gconftool-2 --set --type boolean /apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Profile${next_profile_number}/scrollback_unlimited "true"

# create a terminal
gnome-terminal --geometry=80x24+0+0 --profile=${profileName} title "${profileName}" --zoom 0.8 -e "/bin/sh"

Best Answer

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