Ubuntu – How to change the home directory

bashrccommand linehome-directoryssh

I have a current /home/user/ directory for ~ but I want to change it to be at /user/home/

/user/home already exists.

The option of using usermod is not going to work because I don't have access to the system as root or as another user.

I am asking for a solution along the lines of modifying some .bashrc file and changing some environment variable or smth similar. I log in via ssh.

I'm running Ubuntu 14.04.

Thank you in advance

Solutions like the ones below unfortunately aren't applicable to my case:

How to change my own home directory?

How to change my default home directory

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20797819/command-to-change-the-default-home-directory-of-a-user

EDIT

I thought I'd give some more info here rather than respond to the comments.

Currently the folder structure is a lot stranger than my example above, but the jist of it is the same. Ie currently when I do:

user@local:~$ ssh user@host

I end up in:

user@host:~$ 
user@host:~$ pwd
/path/of/current/home/

so when I use things like pip with the --user tag it will install things locally.

Because there are some memory limitations as well as ssh issues with writing to that location (after some time I can no longer write) I would like to have the following behaviour:

user@local:~$ ssh user@host
user@host:~$ 
user@host:~$ pwd
/path/of/new/home/

/path/of/new/home/ already exists and doesn't have the limitations set above.

Best Answer

Well, you could just add this line to your ~/.profile1:

HOME=/user/home/

However, that really isn't a good idea. Problems it would cause include (but are probably not limited to):

  1. That will only work if /home/user is owned by your user. If it isn't, you won't even be able to log in.

  2. This will work for your user only. For everyone else, your home directory will be whatever is stored in /etc/passwd. This means that, for example, cd ~user will fail. In other words, if I log in as bob and bob has the line HOME=/home/bob/foo in ~/.profile, then bob thinks that his home directory is /home/bob/foo but nobody else knows that:

     $ whoami
 bob
 $ echo $HOME
 /home/bob/foo
 $ cd ## this moves to your $HOME
 $ pwd
 /home/bob/foo

So far so good. But:

    $ whoami
    terdon
    $ cd ~bob
    $ pwd
    /home/bob
  1. This will drive your sysadmin insane. You do not want to anger your sysadmin for you are crunchy and taste good with ketchup.

In any case, it is rarely a good idea to mess with variables like $HOME, as it can often have unintended consequences. Instead, a much cleaner solution would be to make sure every new shell session starts in the target directory. Just add this line to your ~/.bashrc:

cd /user/home/

Now, each time you log2 in or open a terminal, you will find yourself in /user/home.

1 Or ~/.bash_profile if it exists.

2 Log in to Debian-based systems like Ubuntu, anyway. For other distributions/OSs, you might need to add it to ~/.profile as well.See here.

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