Ubuntu – How to change keyboard shortcuts

Ubuntu 17.10 and newer (GNOME Shell)

From this answer: After adding the desired languages (by navigating to Settings -> Regional & Language), you can use the default keyboard shortcut which is Super+Space ("super" is another name for the Windows key), or you can click on the top bar menu:

Ubuntu 13.10 to 17.04 (Unity)

As of Ubuntu 13.10, it is now called Text Entry Settings instead of Keyboard Layout

It can be reached through either of these methods

1. Going through System Settings -> Text Entry
2. Using the App Indicator as shown in the screen-shot below.

Ubuntu 13.04 and older

Seems you forgot an important step.

1. Download Hebrew language support. You can do this from the Install/Remove Languages section of "Language Support".
2. System Settings -> Keyboard Layout -> "+" -> "Hebrew" -> Add
3. System Settings -> Keyboard Layout -> Options -> Keys to Change Layout -> mark [alt]+[shift] (this step is optional, only if you want that custom keyboard shortcut)

An icon like this should appear in the upper-right after step two:

couldn't you add custom shortcuts?? If that wasn't possible or didn't work you might want to change the keybindings of your vmbox. You'll need to do the following:

Install xbindkeys

sudo apt-get install xbindkeys

Xbindkeys is a very versatile program that lets you remap keys very easily. It uses a config file, my default located in your home directory, to change key bindings into certain commands.

To create a default config file you use the command:

xbindkeys --defaults

Which prints the default config file. So if you want to create the file containing the default values you would use:

xbindkeys --defaults > $HOME/.xbindkeysrc

Which prints the default values into a hidden file named .xbindkeysrc located in home.

Now to actually change the bindings of keys we first need to know what the name or keysym of those keys is. xbindkeys allows us to use the -k handle to find the name of a key or key combination. Run:

xbindkeys -k

Now press ctrl (of cmd) and check the output

Try pressing ctrl + c (after disabling that shortcut in the terminal using the second part of this explination)

It will tell you the name of the key/key combination.

Now we need to tell linux to call upon cmd when ctrl is pressed.

for this we will need an extra piece of software as xbindkeys does not support this on it's own. I know of two programs which we can use, xdotool and xte. I prefer xte so I'm going to use that.

Install it:

sudo apt-get install xautomation

( To call a single key press: xte 'key keyName'

To call a key combination: xte 'keydown keyName' 'keydown secondKeyName' 'keyup keyName' 'keyup secondKeyName

For more info you can read the manual man xte )

Lets open up the config file you made earlier: (the one you made using xbindkeys --defaults > $HOME/.xbindkeysrc)

gedit .xbindkeysrc

You'll get something like this:

#
# A list of keys is in /usr/include/X11/keysym.h and in
# /usr/include/X11/keysymdef.h
# The XK_ is not needed.
#
# List of modifier:
#   Release, Control, Shift, Mod1 (Alt), Mod2 (NumLock),
#   Mod3 (CapsLock), Mod4, Mod5 (Scroll). 
#

# The release modifier is not a standard X modifier, but you can  
# use it if you want to catch release events instead of press events

# By defaults, xbindkeys does not pay attention with the modifiers
# NumLock, CapsLock and ScrollLock.
# Uncomment the lines above if you want to pay attention to them.

#keystate_numlock = enable
#keystate_capslock = enable
#keystate_scrolllock= enable

# Examples of commands:

Earlier you extracted the key/key combination. now that you know the command for simulating key presses you can call it from your xbindkeys script, like this:

"xte 'ctrl'" Cmd (or something like this depended upon the name given to you by xbindkeys)

Add this to you're xbindkeys script and save it.

You'll notice that it doesn't work (yet). That's because xbindkeys isn't running yet. start it with the following command.

xbindkeys

Your commands should work now. If it doesn't work you might wanna try adding commands to your key-combinations like copy and paste. If that doesn't work either there is an alternative but that's quite a lot of writing. You could also try xmodmap or xkeycaps.

I would like to note that xbindkeys and xte don't always work well together.

As for your terminal shortcuts: You can change them ALL by opening your terminal and clicking edit in the top bar. Then click keyboard shortcuts and change the value of copy and paste under the header "edit" into ctrl (or in your case cmd) + c and ctrl + v