Ubuntu – How come a python file is executable even though its permissions are 644

permissionspython

I think I am misunderstanding something here. I have made an easy python testing file to see how permissions affect the use of python files. I did so in order to be able to answer 64bit ubuntu 12.04 python cannot run an existing python file

SetUp

I have made a test.py file with the contents

print 'I am working'

Test case 1

ls -al test.py 
-rw-r--r-- 1 joey joey 25 Dec 24 11:11 test.py
python test.py
I am working
  • How come python is executing this file even though I did not do chmod +x test.py?

Test case 2

chmod 400 test.py
ls -al test.py 
-r-------- 1 joey joey 25 Dec 24 11:11 test.py
python test.py
I am working

So apparently python only needs read permission in order to execute my file?

Test case 3

chmod 200 test.py
ls -al test.py 
--w------- 1 joey joey 25 Dec 24 11:11 test.py
python test.py
python: can't open file 'testo.py': [Errno 13] Permission denied

Write permissions are insufficient (and for the record, only executable permissions are insufficient as well).

  • How come python executes files without executable permissions?

Best Answer

Yes, Python only requires the file contents to be read. Recall that Python is an interpreted language (like PHP, Ruby, etc.) and just processes the contents of that file, rather than executing it; python is the executable here!

For proper background information; note that you can run scripts two ways:

  • Calling the interpreter with the file as input/argument does not require other than read permissions, e.g.:

    python myscript.py

  • Run the script by its shebang does require the executable bit set.

    ./myscript.py

    The shebang (first line in the file) is then something like

    #!/usr/bin/env python
Related Question