Ubuntu – Errors from nouveau when installing or booting from live usb

This guide was made for Ubuntu (Gnome). It works for Kubuntu (KDE) too, with a few exceptions

I've been able to get the Live CD boot straight into a Live session without timeout or fancy menu, optionally with a language pack installed.

Live USB (16.04)

1. Mount the USB with Ubuntu installed in it
2. Backup the file syslinux/syslinux.cfg. We will modify it so we need to replace it back if something goes wrong.
3. Open the following files under syslinux directory: syslinux.cfg and txt.cfg
4. Delete (or comment) everything in syslinux.cfg.

5. The txt.cfg file has the default GRUB menu entries. Copy the live one to syslinux.cfg:

   default live
   label live
   menu label ^Try Ubuntu without installing
   kernel /casper/vmlinuz.efi
   append file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper cdrom-detect/try-usb=true persistent noprompt floppy.allowed_drive_mask=0 ignore_uuid initrd=/casper/initrd.lz quiet splash --
   

6. You can add any specific kernel parameters needed for your device in the append line.

7. Save isolinux.cfg and boot your system using the USB. It will boot straight to the desktop now.

Live USB (13.10)

1. Mount the USB with Ubuntu installed in it
2. Backup the file isolinux/isolinux.cfg. We will modify it so we need to replace it back if something goes wrong.
3. Open the following files under isolinux directory: isolinux.cfg and txt.cfg
4. Delete everything in isolinux.cfg.

5. The txt.cfg file has the default GRUB menu entries. Copy the live one to isolinux.cfg:

   default live
   label live
   menu label ^Try Ubuntu without installing
   kernel /casper/vmlinuz.efi
   append file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper cdrom-detect/try-usb=true persistent noprompt floppy.allowed_drive_mask=0 ignore_uuid initrd=/casper/initrd.lz quiet splash --
   

6. You can add any specific kernel parameters needed for your device in the append line.

7. Save isolinux.cfg and boot your system using the USB. It will boot straight to the desktop now.

[source]

Live USB (11.04)

1. Go to the root folder of your Live USB
2. Enter the syslinux directory
3. Make the syslinux.cfg file writeable

4. Replace the contents of the file syslinux.cfg with:

   default live
   label live
     say Booting an Ubuntu Live session...
     kernel /casper/vmlinuz
     append  file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper initrd=/casper/initrd.lz quiet splash noprompt --
   

5. Optional: localize the system (see below)

Live CD

1. If you've a Live CD in your CD drive, mount it. Otherwise, if you've an ISO file available, mount it on /media/cdrom by running the next command in a terminal (replace the name of the .iso file accordingly):

   sudo mount -o loop,ro ubuntu-11.04-desktop-amd64.iso /media/cdrom
   

2. Create a temporary directory in which the CD contents can be stored, say ~/live-cd (mkdir ~/live-cd)
3. Copy the contents of the CD to the folder ~/live-cd/iso (cp -r /media/cdrom ~/live-cd/iso)
4. Since the Live CD is not needed anymore, it can be unmounted (sudo umount /media/cdrom)
5. Open the ~/live-cd/iso folder (cd ~/live-cd/iso)
6. Enter the isolinux directory (cd isolinux)
7. Make the isolinux.cfg file writable (chmod u+w isolinux.cfg)

8. Replace the contents of the file isolinux.cfg with:

   default live
   label live
     say Booting an Ubuntu Live session...
     kernel /casper/vmlinuz
     append  file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper initrd=/casper/initrd.lz quiet splash --
   

9. Optional: localize the system (see below)

10. Open a terminal and run:

    cd ~/live-cd
    chmod u+w iso/isolinux/isolinux.bin
    mkisofs -r -V "Ubuntu Live session" -cache-inodes -J -l -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -o ubuntu-11.04-live-amd64.iso iso
    

11. The new iso will be available at ~/live-cd/ubuntu-11.04-live-amd64.iso. To save space, the ~/live-cd/iso directory can be removed. (rm -rf ~/live-cd/iso)
12. Now burn the ubuntu-11.04-live-amd64.iso file on a CD if needed.

Localize Ubuntu (translations)

If you want the system in the languages English, Spanish, Portuguese, Xhosa or Simplified Chinese, you've just to add the locale= boot option with en, es, pt, xh or zh to the append line as in:

... quiet splash locale=pt --

Otherwise, if you do not want to modify the file containing the root file system (filesystem.squashfs) and do not mind hacking around, continue reading.

Open a terminal and navigate to the ~/live-cd/iso directory and put the code from http://pastebin.com/VTdt9WFZ in a file (name it install-locale) and run it.

This script mounts the filesystem.squashfs, retrieves version information of the language packs from it, downloads the packages and put those in the directory locale-hack. Next, a script is created that installs the language packages on boot time. To make that work, the script also modifies the syslinux.cfg or isolinux.cfg file to apply these changes.

You'll be asked for a locale, enter something like nl or de. The script is not that clever to understand things like Dutch or German. Afterwards, the file can be removed

The terminal commands that should be executed:

cd ~/live-cd/iso
wget http://pastebin.com/raw.php?i=VTdt9WFZ -O install-locale
bash install-locale
rm install-locale

Note that adding language pack can cause the generated .iso file to be bigger than 700MB which won't fit on a CD. For virtual machines however, it suffices. This hack has as a side-effect that Plymouth does not work (i.e. you do not get a fancy boot screen), but at least the system is translated when logging in. Otherwise, you had to install language-pack-gnome-* manually.

References

• Syslinux example
• Ubuntu Help on custominizing a disk / burning it

Boot from the Ubuntu installation USB media you already have created.

Select (highlight) Try Ubuntu without installing and press the E key.
Add the nouveau.modeset=0 parameter to the end of the linux line.
Then press the F10 key for booting into the Ubuntu Live desktop.

Now you can explore Ubuntu - when you decide to install Ubuntu, do the same when booting the system for the first time. After having installed the NVIDIA drivers, this is not necessary anymore.