I'm creating custom build of Ubuntu with some installed packages.
My question is how to put a file on desktop automatically after creating new user? For example something.txt containing some text.
Users – How to Create a File for a New User
users
Related Solutions
Edit (as root) /etc/ssh/sshd_config
. Append the following to it:
Port 1234
PermitRootLogin no
AllowUsers jim
Port 1234
causes SSH to listen on port 1234. You can use any unused port from 1 to 65535. It's recommended to choose a privileged port (port 1-1024) which can only be used by root. If your SSH daemon stops working for some reason, a rogue application can't intercept the connection.
PermitRootLogin
disallows direct root login.
AllowUsers jim
allows user jim
to login through SSH. If you do not have to login from everywhere, you can make this more secure by restricting jim to an IP address (replace 1.2.3.4 with your actual IP address):
AllowUsers jim@1.2.3.4
Changes to the configuration file /etc/ssh/sshd_config
are not immediately applied, to reload the configuration, run:
sudo service ssh reload
A) Short answer
Default groups; say for user123, on fresh install - (use command groups
in a terminal):
user123 adm cdrom sudo dip plugdev lpadmin sambashare
Gives diff from 11.04 as
admin
is replaced bysudo
dialout
is removeddip
is added.
To get/view defaults. Would probably work for various others too; do:
sudo grep user-setup /var/log/installer/syslog
B) Restoring default groups
(Adding this to make it more complete)
1. Identifying the groups
I always set root password, but if you haven't use a live CD, live USB, other install etc. to get to the file.
If you have set root password (by i.e.):
sudo passwd root
and have lost sudo
privileges do:
su - root
grep user-setup /var/log/installer/syslog
Gives you i.e.
... user-setup: pwconv: failed to change the mode of /etc/passwd- to 0600
... user-setup: Shadow passwords are now on.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' ...
... user-setup: Adding new group `user123' (1000) ...
... user-setup: Adding new user `user123' (1000) with group `user123' ...
... user-setup: Creating home directory `/home/user123' ...
... user-setup: Copying files from `/etc/skel' ...
... user-setup: addgroup: The group `lpadmin' already exists as a system group. Exiting.
... user-setup: Adding group `sambashare' (GID 124) ...
... user-setup: Done.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' to group `adm' ...
... user-setup: Adding user user123 to group adm
... user-setup: Done.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' to group `cdrom' ...
... user-setup: Adding user user123 to group cdrom
... user-setup: Done.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' to group `dip' ...
... user-setup: Adding user user123 to group dip
... user-setup: Done.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' to group `lpadmin' ...
... user-setup: Adding user user123 to group lpadmin
... user-setup: Done.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' to group `plugdev' ...
... user-setup: Adding user user123 to group plugdev
... user-setup: Done.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' to group `sambashare' ...
... user-setup: Adding user user123 to group sambashare
... user-setup: Done.
... user-setup: adduser: The group `debian-tor' does not exist.
... user-setup: Adding user `user123' to group `sudo' ...
... user-setup: Adding user user123 to group sudo
... user-setup: Done.
... ubiquity: Removing user-setup ...
... ubiquity: Purging configuration files for user-setup ...
Or:
su - root
grep "user-setup: Adding user user123 to group" /var/log/installer/syslog | cut -d' ' -f11
Which yields:
adm
cdrom
dip
lpadmin
plugdev
sambashare
sudo
(No idea why dip
suddenly has become a default group by install. Something to do with dialout
being removed?)
2.a Updating groups - using "built-in" root access
So do, as root, to add groups to user, i.e. user user123
:
usermod -a -G adm,cdrom,lpadmin,sudo,sambashare,dip,plugdev user123
Where (Somewhat outdated on 12.10):
adm Monitor system logs
cdrom Use CD-ROM drives
lpadmin Configure printers
sudo administer the system, ...
sambashare Share files with the local network
dip Connect to the Internet using a modem
plugdev Access external storage devices
Some extras you might need: (check what you have by root@YOURPC:~# id -nG user123
)
dialout ttyS*/Serial/COM1,COM2 ...
vboxusers Virtual Box
user123 Your own group
If you want; double-check /etc/group , i.e. (here with some extras):
root@YOURPC:~# grep user123 /etc/group
adm:x:4:user123
audio:x:29:user123,timidity,pulse
video:x:44:user123
lp:x:7:user123
dialout:x:20:user123
cdrom:x:24:user123
sudo:x:27:user123
dip:x:30:user123
plugdev:x:46:user123
lpadmin:x:107:user123
user123:x:1000:
sambashare:x:124:user123
vboxusers:x:127:user123
autologin:x:1001:user123
As an alternative one can boot in to rescue mode and
mount -o remount,rw /
usermod -G adm,cdrom,lpadmin,sudo,sambashare,dip,plugdev user123
Log out and log in. Groups should be updated.
2.b Updating groups - using root access from Live-CD etc.
xxx
here is where your file-system is mounted when running a live edition, i.e. /media/foo
.
Manually edit the file /xxx/etc/group
using vigr and add user as in previous listing.
Or; only add user to sudo; as in:
sudo:x:27:user123
Boot into your installation and update by executing the usermod
command with sudo
:
sudo usermod -a -G adm,cdrom,lpadmin,sudo,sambashare,dip,plugdev user123
Log out and log in. Groups should be updated.
Double Note: admin
is no longer part of Ubuntu as of 11.10 in favour of sudo
.
Best Answer
Put the file in directory
in the chrooted version of you custom build. If the directory does not exist yet you need to create it.
/etc/skel/
is used to create the "skeleton" for the new users/home/$USER/
directories and content.