OK, so after much experimentation I found a workaround, and a more permanent solution.
The Workaround
There were multiple issues, with separate solutions.
To solve the issue of the background being dark, I had to switch from the gnome greeter to lightdm:
sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm3
...and then select lightdm. Now Cinnamon used the background from the greeter, which could be changed with the lightdm GTK+ greeter settings tool. This is not ideal, but it works.
To change the icon theme, I had to use the gnome tweak tool. I don't know why, but that correctly changed the icon theme.
As for the default keyboard shortcuts, I had to add them again. Instead of using the built in 'launch terminal' shortcut, I had to make a custom shortcut that ran gnome-terminal
. Not ideal, but it works.
The Longer-Term Solution
I still don't know exactly which programs were causing these issues, but I figured that the cleaner the install I could do the better.
I reinstalled, this time with the minimal ubuntu installer. After that, I installed cinnamon, and enabled lightdm, using instructions from this answer.
sudo apt-get install cinnamon-desktop-environment
sudo systemctl set-default graphical.target
in /etc/default/grub
change the line:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash init=/lib/systemd/systemd"
and finally run
sudo update-grub
This gave me a working cinnamon install on Ubuntu.
To get a nicer and more configurable greeter, I also installed the lightdm GTK+ greeter, and settings tool.
sudo apt-get install lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings
Best Answer
gnome-tweaks is a application.
so look for this file in
/usr/share/applications/
open it with text editor and look for the icon specified.
if you observe all these images are linked files to gnome-tweak-tool.svg in their respective size folders like 22, 48 etc
So, we have two options
either, directly deleting and pasting the required items in place of org.gnome.tweaks in respected folder with out linking.
or, again linking gnome-tweak.tool.svg files to org. gnome. tweaks.svg in respected folders.