Ubuntu – Can Ubuntu/Linux machines be infected by the Shylock trojan

It's always a game of cat and mouse with detection software. New malware is created, scanners get updated to detect it. There's always a lag between the two. There are programs that use heuristics that watch what software is doing and attempt to catch unwanted activity but in my opinion it's not a perfect solution and uses resources.

My advice is simple, don't install software from sources you don't trust but if you are like me and can't avoid the temptation, put them in a virtual machine (ie virtualbox) and play with it until you're confident it won't either bork your system or do things you didn't want.

Again, not a perfect solution but for now, a virtual machine has the best chance of isolating your machine from unwanteds.

I just did a write-up on Turla yesterday over at security.stackexchange.com, covering both Windows and Linux versions. You can find it here.

Good news, by reading it you can get a better idea of what the Turla family is capable of.
Bad news, "Although Linux variants from the Turla framework were known to exist, we haven't seen any in the wild yet." - Kaspersky Lab

That means that the only analysis done so far has been from malware captured in a honeypot, and that it is very hard to detect. If you are interested, I have highlighted some of the anti-detection methods it is known to use in my write-up.

I think you will find there really isn't much more you can do at the moment besides what you already found in the article.