Linux – Where do you put installed stuff on Ubuntu

installationlinux

Packages installed with synaptic are usually well installed on your system (i.e. bin in /usr/bin/, etc.). However, when a software is not in the repo, I always wonder where I should install it, when everything comes together (i.e. /bin, /var, /man are all subfolders of the main folder of the software).

For now, I've opted for /var/opt/ or /usr/share, but I'm not really sure this is a best practice… is there any guidelines on that?

Best Answer

The usual location us /usr/local or /opt. From the Linux Directory Hierarchy:

/usr/local, /opt

These are obsolete folders. When UNIX didn't have a package system (like RPM), sysadmins needed to separate an optional (or local) Software from the main OS. These were the directories used for that.

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Linux – Pre upgrade backup for Ubuntu/Linux

The safest solution would be to use dd from live cd. You will need to backup MBR and Ubuntu partition.

To backup MBR (first 512 bytes of the disk where GRUB is installed) run:

dd if=/dev/sda of=/backup_dir/mbr_backup bs=512 count=1

To backup your Ubuntu partition (assuming it is /dev/sda3):

dd if=/dev/sda3 of=/backup_dir/ubuntu_backup

Don't write the backup to FAT32 partition because it would truncate the backup to around 4GB. External drive with ext3 or ntfs partition would be preferred.

To restore grub run:

dd if=/backup_dir/mbr_backup of=/dev/sda

To restore ubuntu:

dd if=/backup_dir/mubuntu_backup of=/dev/sda3

Linux – Python error In linux

I had this exact error using CentOS 6.7 (Final) on a 64 bit system. I had to change two paths in order for python to work again. (Specifically gdb was giving me the same error you were getting.)

export PYTHONHOME=/usr/lib64/python2.6/
export PYTHONPATH=/usr/lib64/python2.6/

Other answers were saying to only modify one of those variables or use the non-64bit lib folder. But this was the only method that worked for me. Hopefully this can help someone else. In your case you might want to use the python2.7 folder however. But you can use python2.6 to get back to a working system at least.

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