SSL certificate: incorrect order

certificatehttpsssl

I have SSL EV certificate for https://goout.cz. According to this test we are getting A+:

https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html?viaform=on&d=goout.cz

However I get warning for "Incorrect order, Contains Anchor".

But this test: https://cryptoreport.websecurity.symantec.com/checker/views/certCheck.jsp

Says: Certificate not installed correctly.

So far I am unable to find the issue. I thought I might have wrongly concatenated the main and intermediate certificates, but I checked that the main certificate is first and then the intermediate certificates are following.

Thanks.

Best Answer

Your file should contain

Your certificate
The intermediate certificate that signed your certificate
Any other intermediate certificates, in order

Your file should NOT contain the root certificate.

In other words:

Cert 0's subject should be you
Cert 0's issuer should equal cert 1's subject
Cert 1's issuer should equal cert 2's subject
...
Cert n's issuer should equal the root's subject
The root's issuer should by definition be equal to its subject (otherwise it's not a root certificate).

Are you using linux with openssl? If so I can provide a script to check this.

I just connected to your site using

$ openssl s_client -showcerts -connect goout.cz:443 2> /dev/null | grep ' [0-9 ] [is]:'
 0 s:/serialNumber=01901613/jurisdictionC=CZ/jurisdictionST=Prague/jurisdictionL=Prague 3/businessCategory=Private Organization/C=CZ/postalCode=130 00/ST=Prague/L=Prague 3/street=Husinecka 792/25/O=GoOut s.r.o./OU=Technical/OU=COMODO EV SSL/CN=goout.cz
   i:/C=GB/ST=Greater Manchester/L=Salford/O=COMODO CA Limited/CN=COMODO RSA Extended Validation Secure Server CA
 1 s:/C=SE/O=AddTrust AB/OU=AddTrust External TTP Network/CN=AddTrust External CA Root
   i:/C=SE/O=AddTrust AB/OU=AddTrust External TTP Network/CN=AddTrust External CA Root
 2 s:/C=GB/ST=Greater Manchester/L=Salford/O=COMODO CA Limited/CN=COMODO RSA Certification Authority
   i:/C=SE/O=AddTrust AB/OU=AddTrust External TTP Network/CN=AddTrust External CA Root
 3 s:/C=GB/ST=Greater Manchester/L=Salford/O=COMODO CA Limited/CN=COMODO RSA Extended Validation Secure Server CA
   i:/C=GB/ST=Greater Manchester/L=Salford/O=COMODO CA Limited/CN=COMODO RSA Certification Authority
^C

It seems you have a file with four certificates, and to get a perfect score you should remove the second one and exchange the last two.

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Use openssl s_client. Its a swiss army knife for things like this. And use openssl x509 to dump certificates.

You are usually interested in the {Issuer, Subject} pairs in the chain like this:

Certificate chain
 0 s:/C=US/ST=California/L=San Carlos/O=Check Point Software Technologies Inc./OU=MIS-US/CN=usercenter.checkpoint.com
   i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
 1 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
   i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
 2 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
   i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority

Notice how the issuer at the server becomes the subject for the next higher certificate. Gutmann provides the following diagram to describe it in his book Engineering Security:

enter image description here

At the top, the CA root is self signed, and the issue and the subject are the same. If there was a level 3, it would be:

 3 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
   i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority

But you usually don't see it in a chain because you must trust it. And part of the requirements for the trust anchor is you already have it to ensure its not tampered with.

Using Subject and Issuer names is utilizing what is called Distinguished Names. The other way to form a chain is with KEYIDs. You will sometimes see it via Subject Key Identifier (SKI) and Authority Key Identifier (AKI). The key identifiers are just thumbprints of a digested public key.

You can find reading on Distinguished Names in standards like RFC 4514; and using KEYIDs in standards like RFC 4518, which concerns itself with path building.

It appears the problem is with the browser (but see below). It looks like it is missing the Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority with thumbprint a1 db 63 93 91 6f 17 e4 18 55 09 40 04 15 c7 02 40 b0 ae 6b.

When I visit Symantec Root Certifcates and download Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority, I can build a path for validation (notice the Verify return code: 0 (ok) below).

You should download and install Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority in your browser's trusted root store. Or determine why its not being used by the browser to build the path (see next).

Mozilla and Firefox talk about Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority in a blog post: Phasing out Certificates with 1024-bit RSA Keys. According to the post, they have deprecated that CA certificate since Firefox 32. I don't really fault them since these keys are used long term for CA signing operations, and they need "stronger" parameters because they have to live 10 to 30 years (literally).

Checkpoint needs to get a new server certificate issued under a certificate (chain) with contemporary parameters, like a CA with a 4096-bit RSA moduli and SHA-256. Or a Subordinate CA with a 2048-bit RSA moduli and SHA-256...

(Also see what did not work for me below).

Here's an example of validating the server certificate with Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority using OpenSSL's s_client:

$ openssl s_client -connect usercenter.checkpoint.com:443 -tls1 \
    -servername usercenter.checkpoint.com -CAfile Class-3-Public-Primary-Certification-Authority.pem 
CONNECTED(00000003)
depth=3 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
verify return:1
depth=2 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = VeriSign Trust Network, OU = "(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only", CN = VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
verify return:1
depth=1 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = VeriSign Trust Network, OU = Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10, CN = VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
verify return:1
depth=0 C = US, ST = California, L = San Carlos, O = Check Point Software Technologies Inc., OU = MIS-US, CN = usercenter.checkpoint.com
verify return:1
---
Certificate chain
 0 s:/C=US/ST=California/L=San Carlos/O=Check Point Software Technologies Inc./OU=MIS-US/CN=usercenter.checkpoint.com
   i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
 1 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
   i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
 2 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
   i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
---
Server certificate
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
subject=/C=US/ST=California/L=San Carlos/O=Check Point Software Technologies Inc./OU=MIS-US/CN=usercenter.checkpoint.com
issuer=/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
---
No client certificate CA names sent
---
SSL handshake has read 4310 bytes and written 600 bytes
---
New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is AES128-SHA
Server public key is 2048 bit
Secure Renegotiation IS supported
Compression: NONE
Expansion: NONE
No ALPN negotiated
SSL-Session:
    Protocol  : TLSv1
    Cipher    : AES128-SHA
    Session-ID: 141BB5DD85FA61CC85E5C8368DED9EB9C7C6427D7F655F8DD778EEB003F9EBE7
    Session-ID-ctx: 
    Master-Key: 84261799D242992FE44D48F39F1A10CFCE5BE60E1A900CC3E6BFFD368DAB68A439287C81DC9510871963EF8E3366FFE3
    Key-Arg   : None
    PSK identity: None
    PSK identity hint: None
    SRP username: None
    Start Time: 1432323605
    Timeout   : 7200 (sec)
    Verify return code: 0 (ok)

Earlier I said "At the top, the CA root is self signed, and the issue and the subject are the same". Here's a dump of that self signed CA root, where the Subject and Issuer are the same. It also shows the 1024-bit moduli and sha1WithRSAEncryption.

$ openssl x509 -in Class-3-Public-Primary-Certification-Authority.pem -inform PEM -text -noout
Certificate:
    Data:
        Version: 1 (0x0)
        Serial Number:
            3c:91:31:cb:1f:f6:d0:1b:0e:9a:b8:d0:44:bf:12:be
    Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption
        Issuer: C=US, O=VeriSign, Inc., OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
        Validity
            Not Before: Jan 29 00:00:00 1996 GMT
            Not After : Aug  2 23:59:59 2028 GMT
        Subject: C=US, O=VeriSign, Inc., OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
        Subject Public Key Info:
            Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
                Public-Key: (1024 bit)
                Modulus:
                    00:c9:5c:59:9e:f2:1b:8a:01:14:b4:10:df:04:40:
                    db:e3:57:af:6a:45:40:8f:84:0c:0b:d1:33:d9:d9:
                    11:cf:ee:02:58:1f:25:f7:2a:a8:44:05:aa:ec:03:
                    1f:78:7f:9e:93:b9:9a:00:aa:23:7d:d6:ac:85:a2:
                    63:45:c7:72:27:cc:f4:4c:c6:75:71:d2:39:ef:4f:
                    42:f0:75:df:0a:90:c6:8e:20:6f:98:0f:f8:ac:23:
                    5f:70:29:36:a4:c9:86:e7:b1:9a:20:cb:53:a5:85:
                    e7:3d:be:7d:9a:fe:24:45:33:dc:76:15:ed:0f:a2:
                    71:64:4c:65:2e:81:68:45:a7
                Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
    Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption
         10:72:52:a9:05:14:19:32:08:41:f0:c5:6b:0a:cc:7e:0f:21:
         19:cd:e4:67:dc:5f:a9:1b:e6:ca:e8:73:9d:22:d8:98:6e:73:
         03:61:91:c5:7c:b0:45:40:6e:44:9d:8d:b0:b1:96:74:61:2d:
         0d:a9:45:d2:a4:92:2a:d6:9a:75:97:6e:3f:53:fd:45:99:60:
         1d:a8:2b:4c:f9:5e:a7:09:d8:75:30:d7:d2:65:60:3d:67:d6:
         48:55:75:69:3f:91:f5:48:0b:47:69:22:69:82:96:be:c9:c8:
         38:86:4a:7a:2c:73:19:48:69:4e:6b:7c:65:bf:0f:fc:70:ce:
         88:90

Earlier I said "Checkpoint needs to get a new server certificate issued under a certificate (chain) with contemporary parameters, like a CA with a 4096-bit RSA moduli and SHA-256. Or a Subordinate CA with a 2048-bit RSA moduli and SHA-256...".

Here's what did not work for me: rooting or anchoring trust in the stronger Subordinate CA VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5, and not the weaker 1024-bit Root CA.

EDIT: this is due to a bug in OpenSSL 1.0.2a and below. It was fixed in OpenSSL 1.0.2b. See Expected behavior for verification when a subordinate in a chain is promoted to a self signed root?

$ openssl s_client -connect usercenter.checkpoint.com:443 -tls1 \
    -servername usercenter.checkpoint.com -CAfile VeriSign-Class-3-Public-Primary-Certification-Authority-G5.pem 
CONNECTED(00000003)
depth=2 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = VeriSign Trust Network, OU = "(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only", CN = VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
verify error:num=20:unable to get local issuer certificate
---
Certificate chain
 0 s:/C=US/ST=California/L=San Carlos/O=Check Point Software Technologies Inc./OU=MIS-US/CN=usercenter.checkpoint.com
   i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
 1 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
   i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
 2 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
   i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
---
Server certificate
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
subject=/C=US/ST=California/L=San Carlos/O=Check Point Software Technologies Inc./OU=MIS-US/CN=usercenter.checkpoint.com
issuer=/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
---
No client certificate CA names sent
---
SSL handshake has read 4310 bytes and written 600 bytes
---
New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is AES128-SHA
Server public key is 2048 bit
Secure Renegotiation IS supported
Compression: NONE
Expansion: NONE
No ALPN negotiated
SSL-Session:
    Protocol  : TLSv1
    Cipher    : AES128-SHA
    Session-ID: 736B3105DB22F2AB0F5D42C8161A8A132BF1E7C37464BB2F0D00058B867332EB
    Session-ID-ctx: 
    Master-Key: BDD5D4951E3FD01C3C456D475EAE6D0D5CE53FBF75B4F6F3D4D186A27B566D75056057D5395F35AE3BA8D20A669212C2
    Key-Arg   : None
    PSK identity: None
    PSK identity hint: None
    SRP username: None
    Start Time: 1432324811
    Timeout   : 7200 (sec)
    Verify return code: 20 (unable to get local issuer certificate)
---

The practical problem is Symantec re-issuing a certificate with the same name and same public key, so the Distinguished Name, Subject Key Identifier and Authority Key Identifier did not change; but only changing the Serial Number.

I was able to spot it below due to the different serial numbers between the certificate sent in the chain versus the one downloaded from the Symantec site. Then it became apparent the re-issued certificate was changed from a Subordinate CA to a Root CA.

You can use -showcerts with OpenSSL's s_client to see the certs in the chain:

$ openssl s_client -connect usercenter.checkpoint.com:443 -tls1 \
    -servername usercenter.checkpoint.com -showcerts
CONNECTED(00000003)
...
---
Certificate chain
 0 s:/C=US/ST=California/L=San Carlos/O=Check Point Software Technologies Inc./OU=MIS-US/CN=usercenter.checkpoint.com
   i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIFaTCCBFGgAwIBAgIQbDQ79PGfSr9ppjYf2kOh4zANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADCB
tTELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxFzAVBgNVBAoTDlZlcmlTaWduLCBJbmMuMR8wHQYDVQQL
ExZWZXJpU2lnbiBUcnVzdCBOZXR3b3JrMTswOQYDVQQLEzJUZXJtcyBvZiB1c2Ug
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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
 1 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
   i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
 2 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
   i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
---
Server certificate
subject=/C=US/ST=California/L=San Carlos/O=Check Point Software Technologies Inc./OU=MIS-US/CN=usercenter.checkpoint.com
issuer=/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
---
...

What I normally do next is copy a PEM encoded certificate in the chain to a clipboard, and then use pbpaste to paste in into a terminal and pipe it to OpenSSL's x509. For example, here is Level 2's VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5 sent as part of the chain:

$ pbpaste | openssl x509 -text -noout
Certificate:
    Data:
        Version: 3 (0x2)
        Serial Number:
            25:0c:e8:e0:30:61:2e:9f:2b:89:f7:05:4d:7c:f8:fd
    Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption
        Issuer: C=US, O=VeriSign, Inc., OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
    ...

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