A workaround would be: Ctrl + L, + C, + W, + N, + V, and Enter.
Or
F6, Ctrl + C, Ctrl + N, Ctrl + V, Enter and an optional Alt + Tab, Ctrl + W, Alt + Tab, to close the old tab.
You could automate the whole thing with AutoIt (under Windows) and create a Hotkey for it (here, it's Ctrl + Alt + x):
HotKeySet("^!x", "split_tab")
Func split_tab()
Send("{F6}^c^n")
Sleep(999)
Send("^v{Enter}")
Send("!{Tab}^w!{Tab}")
EndFunc
I always have an additional application like this running in the background, offering useful keyboard shortcuts which automate and simplify tasks.
Alternatively, you can hit Ctrl + L instead of F6, which would be substantially easier as your hand does not have to leave the home row.
Best Answer
There isn't one for the menu I believe, however there are shortcuts for some of the separate actions though.
I suggest you look here: http://www.google.com/support/chrome/bin/static.py?page=guide.cs&guide=25799&topic=28650