Linux – List directories containing files that match a regular expression

Unix has several powerful ways to rename files. Here's one that uses zsh (make sure you have it installed). This first renames the directories, then renames the files in the directories.

autoload zmv
zmv -o -i '(?)(??)(??)(?)(???)(?)' '$1-$2-$3-$4-$5-$6'
zmv -o -i '(*)/(?)(??)(??)(?)(???)(?).(*)' '$1/$2-$3-$4-$5-$6-$7.$8'

It's not clear from your question whether the directories can nest. If they do, here's a single command that takes care of both directories and files, taking advantage of the fact that a single pattern replacement works for both:

zmv -o -i '(**/)(?)(??)(??)(?)(???)(*)' '$1$2-$3-$4-$5-$6-$7$8'

If you pass the -n option to zmv, it will show what the command would have done without actually moving the files. I use -o -i in my example so that it prompts for confirmation if it would overwrite a file and performs silently otherwise.

zmv is documented in the zshcontrib man page.

Here's one way: list all regular files, strip away the file basenames, and remove duplicates.

find . -type f | sed 's!/[^/]*$!!' | sort -u

If you want to strip the leading ./:

find . -type f | sed -e 's!/[^/]*$!!' -e 's!^\./!!' | sort -u