How to Remove Zsh Alias

Here is the source of the error message:

$ git log %ad
fatal: ambiguous argument '%ad': unknown revision or path not in the working tree.
Use '--' to separate paths from revisions

You will get the same error message from the following two commands:

$ git log --pretty=format:%h %ad | %s%d [%an] --graph --date=short
$ git log --pretty=format:\"%h %ad | %s%d [%an]\" --graph --date=short

The problem is that git log receives the following two arguments: --pretty=format:%h (or --pretty=format:\"%h) and %ad. The rest, at least when executed directly as a command in bash, is a pipe to the command %s%d, which usually does not exists. The full error message on my system thus looks like this:

$ git log --pretty=format:%h %ad | %s%d [%an] --graph --date=short
bash: %s%d: command not found
fatal: ambiguous argument '%ad': unknown revision or path not in the working tree.
Use '--' to separate paths from revisions

All this demonstrates that the quoting somehow got lost and %ad is interpreted as a parameter for git log. To prevent that you have to find the correct combination of quoting and escaping so that the format string is quoted correctly at time of execution.

The git config manual about alias and quoting:

Arguments are split by spaces, the usual shell quoting and escaping is supported. quote pair and a backslash can be used to quote them.

From this line I was not able to figure out how quoting and escaping works. I tried some combination of quoting and escaping in the alias but was not able to make any sense out of it.

The following lines you posted in your question works fine on my system:

[alias]
    hist = log --pretty=format:\"%h %ad | %s%d [%an]\" --graph --date=short

You will have to experiment to get the right combination on you system while using PuTTY and all.

If you're going to use positional parameters in git aliases, be sure to specify sh -c. The following worked for me locally:

ff = !sh -c 'git checkout master && git merge "$1" && git checkout "$1"' -

(dead link) The "why" relates to the way git parses the alias commands and is summed up in this gmane thread.

The - at the end of the command signals sh that option processing is finished. From man sh:

A -- signals the end of options and disables further option processing. Any arguments after the -- are treated as filenames and arguments. An argument of - is equivalent to --.

If it weren't present, it would introduce a bug in the alias, by treating $1 as an option on the sh command instead of as a positional argument. Consider this trivial example:

$ sh -c 'echo $1' foo          # equivalent to 'echo' without argument

$ sh -c 'echo $1' - foo        # will pass 'foo' to the string as $1
foo

In the first case, 'foo' was consumed by sh as an option. In the second, it's correctly interpreted as $1 on the string.