This is a known error in Excel 2010 compatibility checker.
It happens when you try to save the sheet in xls format and you have data validation formulas on a sheet that is not the active sheet when you perform the save.
The error is incorrect and there is no loss of functionality. Refer to Microsoft knowledge base article 2757267.
To verify this, start a new workbook in 2010. On sheet1, enter a data validation list in a single cell referring to a few adjacent cells. (thus it does not break the rules of referring to cells in another sheet).
Do save as and select xls as file format. No error message is produced. Move to sheet 2. Do save as and select xls as the file format. Error message is produced with nothing in the worksheet but a single data validation list.
Word has a number of different types of "variable", There are things known as "Document Variables", but there are other things that I will term "properties" - I'll try to list the main types below.
There are a few places in Word you can look to find some types of properties, but for true "variables" and other types of properties, if you can't use macros or other code, you would need to unzip the .docx file and look at the various files in there.
Places you can look within Word 2010 (no Document Variables are displayed here)...
a. In "Backstage" - look at the File tab, Info option, and you should see some properties listed on the right. Click "Show All Properties" at the bottom of the list and you may see more.
b. In the Insert tab, Text group, Quick Parts->Properties, you should see a list of "Built in properties + some or all properties inserted by Sharepoint if that is what you are using.
c. In the "Document Information Panel" (DIP). If you do not see that, go into the File menu then Options, then (say) Quick Access Toolbar. Select "Choose Commands" under "All Commands", then look for "Properties", select it, and click the Add button. You should then see an icon in the Quick Access toolbar that has a small white "i" against a circular blue background. Click that, and you should see either some builtin properties (Author, Title etc.) or some Sharepoint "Content type" properties, if you are using SharePoint. You may be able to flip between one of several views in there. If you then click the dropdown at the top left of the DIP and choose "Advanced Properties", you will see a multi-tab dialog box which shows
For everything else, you'll probably have to look in the XML in the .docx. To do that, make a copy of your document. Let's say the copy is called mydoc.docx. Rename that to mydoc.docx.zip, open the zip, then look for a number of things, as suggested below...
a. true Document Variables are stored in the word folder, in settings.xml, in an element called w:docVars. You should see a name and a value for each variable. You can insert the values of Document Variables in your document using a { DOCVARIABLE variablename } field.
b. Builtin document properties, including such things as author, title etc. In most cases, the values can be inserted in the document using spcialised fields such as { AUTHOR }, or in some cases { DOCPROPERTY } fields. Although it is a bit messy, there is a standard list of names. You can find most of the values in the docProps folder in the core.xml and app.xml files. However, some (the "Cover Page Properties") are stored, if used, in one of the "item.xml" files (e.g. "item1.xml" in the customXml folder.
c. old-style "user-defined" custom document properties which consist mainly of name/value pairs whose values can be inserted in the document using { DOCPROPERTY } fields, e.g. { DOCPROPERTY mycustomproperty }. These are displayed in the Advanced Properties.... dialog, but in the .docx they are in the custom.xml file in the docProps folder.
d. new-style custom properties, also known as "Sharepoint properties" or "content type properties," because they are often created and populated from columns in a Sharepoint list. The values are stored in "Custom XML Parts" and can be inserted using Content Controls which have been set up to point to the relevant bit of XML. (Word 2007 and later only). In the .docx, you will find a number of "schemas" for these variables, and the values of the variables in the customXML folder, in the files named "item1.xml", "item2.xml" etc.
e. finally, any developer can put their own custom XML parts into a Word document, and connect up Content Controls to elements and attributes in those custom XML parts. I won't attempt to go into the details of how that is done, but you will find the data in the item1.xml, item2.xml etc. files under customXML. However, to find the content controls themselves, their names and what they are connected too, you would typically need to look in the word folder at, e.g. document.xml, and perhaps one or more of the "header" and "footer" .xml files.
Best Answer
In Office 2010, like some earlier versions, there is an option to "Prepare for Sharing".
First go to the "File" tab, then select "Info".
In the right hand pane you'll see "Prepare for Sharing", which may already show some issues:
Click "Check for Issues" -> "Inspect Document", which will pop up a window, where you can select the issues you want to look at:
From what you've said, the most important one to check is "Document Properties and Personal Information", but I'd leave them all selected, personally. When you're happy, click 'Inspect', which will produce a report:
Now just click on "Remove All" as needed in each category to remove any of the information that has been returned (in this case 'Author').
Then save the file (presumably with a new name if you want to retain the metadata in your original for internal use).