Steps to import CSV:
1) Open Excel file into which you want to import the CSV (Or just open Excel to a blank workbook)
2) In the ribbon, go to Data tab and click on "From Text/CSV"
3) Select the CSV file that you want to import.
4) In the dialog where you are shown a preview of how the data looks, where the header has the name of the CSV file, click on Edit at the bottom (which is in between Load and Cancel)
5) Excel will now open a "Query Editor" as though the CSV file was a database to connect to. Here, you can change the data formats if you want to by selecting the column(s) and "Data Type" button in the "Transform" section of the "Home" tab in the Query Editor's ribbon. (Pro Tip: Select any cell and press Ctrl+a to select all the data ;) )
6) If you change the data type(s) Excel 2016 will ask you if you want to "Replace current" or "Add new step". I clicked on Replace current, but I guess for some scenarios, you would need to click on Add new step.
7) Now, click on the "Close & Load" button (should be the first one) on the Home tab.
8) You will see the data inserted into a new sheet, but it's still "connected" to it's data source (the CSV file) so click on "Unlink" in the Design tab's External Table Data section and click on OK to remove the query definition from the sheet.
9) Finally, you will need to delete the "Query" which would be open in a sidebar when you closed and loaded the CSV data into Excel. To do that, right click on the query entry, select "Delete" and confirm the delete action.
You can now close the Queries and Connections sidebar and enjoy working on your imported data!
Ok. I replicated your problem by adding two spaces and a tab character in front of the last number in the text file. It did what you described.
To solve the problem, I then opened up the file as a delimited file, with space and tab delimiters checked, and checked the box that states "treat consecutive delimiters as one". The last number was now imported as scientific notation and I was able to do calculations from it.
Best Answer
There are 3 ways? It's kind of convoluted, but here you go.