VBA – How to Exact Match a Value in Raw String in Excel

Just a couple of tweaks:

Function RVLOOKUP(target, criteriaCellRange, colIndex)

    Dim found As Boolean
    Dim resultCell As Range

    For Each cell In criteriaCellRange
        matchPosition = InStr(cell, target)
        If matchPosition > 0 Then
            found = True
            Set resultCell = cell
            Exit For
        End If
    Next cell

    If found Then
        ' Here resultCell seems to be just a String not an actual cell object
        RVLOOKUP = resultCell.Offset(0, colIndex)
    Else
        RVLOOKUP = "#NoMatch"
    End If

End Function

I reverse the InStr() arguments and made resultCell a Range

Without recourse to O365, and given your wish to avoid formulas which require CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER, this will necessitate a rather lengthy construction, for example:

=IF(COUNTIFS(A2:A13,F1,B2:B13,">="&F2),INDEX(C2:C13,MATCH(AGGREGATE(15,6,B2:B13/((A2:A13=F1)*(B2:B13>=F2)),1),INDEX(B2:B13/((A2:A13=F1)*(B2:B13>=F2)),),0)),"No Result")

Although less intelligible, the following is a more concise and less resource-intensive alternative:

=IF(COUNTIFS(A2:A13,F1,B2:B13,">="&F2),LOOKUP(1,0/FREQUENCY(0,(0.5+(B2:B13-F2))*8^8^(A2:A13<>F1)),C2:C13),"No Result")

Although note that, unlike the first, this second solution may fail if the entries in F2 and B2:B13 are not all integers.

The initial COUNTIFS clause is used to first determine whether there are in fact any rows which meet your criteria.