Mysql – What max_allowed_packet is big enough, and why do I need to change it

MySQLmysql-5.5replication

I have MySQL (5.5) in master-slave setup and created another slave server.

I stopped the original slave, dumped the data, copied and reimported and it worked fine. I noted the master_log pos of the original slave and used these commands to set it on the new slave

CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='<ipaddress>', 
MASTER_USER='<username>', MASTER_PASSWORD='<password>', 
MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000851', 
MASTER_LOG_POS=15824150, 
MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10;

When I started the new slave I got

Last_IO_Error: Got fatal error 1236 from master when reading data from binary log: 'log event entry exceeded max_allowed_packet; Increase max_allowed_packet on master'

However when I started the original slave, it caught up just fine, and is now in sync.

So the questions:

the current value is 16M, how do I know how big to go? (I would rather avoid trial and error with a production server).
why do I need to increase the value on the master when the original slave coped just fine, could the problem really be with the new slave?

update

I increased the max_allowed_packet to 1073741824 as Rolando suggested on the master, old slave and new slave, and restarted them (SET GLOBAL max_allowed_packet = 1073741824; for some reason didn't seem to take)

now the last IO error is the same as before, but now I see

Last_SQL_Error: Relay log read failure: Could not parse relay log event entry. The possible reasons are: the master's binary log is corrupted (you can check this by running 'mysqlbinlog' on the binary log), the slave's relay log is corrupted (you can check this by running 'mysqlbinlog' on the relay log), a network problem, or a bug in the master's or slave's MySQL code. If you want to check the master's binary log or slave's relay log, you will be able to know their names by issuing 'SHOW SLAVE STATUS' on this slave.

If I do a mysqlbinlog on the master's file, it scrolls past with commands quite happily for ages – the file is 722M – if I do that for the slave relay log I get

ERROR: Error in Log_event::read_log_event(): 'Sanity check failed', data_len: 38916267, event_type: 69

ERROR: Could not read entry at offset 253: Error in log format or read error.

I checked the variables and the changes worked however

mysql> show variables LIKE '%max_allowed_packet%';

on the new slave showed max_allowed_packet AND slave_max_allowed_packet where as on the master it only has max_allowed_packet

so I did a version check on the master:

mysql> show variables LIKE '%version%';
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Variable_name           | Value                                |
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| innodb_version          | 1.1.6                                |
| protocol_version        | 10                                   |
| slave_type_conversions  |                                      |
| version                 | 5.5.11-log                           |
| version_comment         | MySQL Community Server (GPL) by Remi |
| version_compile_machine | x86_64                               |
| version_compile_os      | Linux                                |
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+

and on the new slave

mysql> show variables LIKE '%version%';
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Variable_name           | Value                                |
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| innodb_version          | 5.5.32                               |
| protocol_version        | 10                                   |
| slave_type_conversions  |                                      |
| version                 | 5.5.32-log                           |
| version_comment         | MySQL Community Server (GPL) by Remi |
| version_compile_machine | x86_64                               |
| version_compile_os      | Linux                                |
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+

Are these 2 versions too far apart?

Best Answer

It's OK to max out the max_allowed_packet to 1G. Whenever a MySQL Packet is constructed, it will not jump to 1G from the start. Why?

First you need to know what a MySQL Packet. Page 99 of the Book

Understanding MySQL Internals

explains it in paragraphs 1-3 as follows:

MySQL network communication code was written under the assumption that queries are always reasonably short, and therefore can be sent to and processed by the server in one chunk, which is called a packet in MySQL terminology. The server allocates the memory for a temporary buffer to store the packet, and it requests enough to fit it entirely. This architecture requires a precaution to avoid having the server run out of memory---a cap on the size of the packet, which this option accomplishes.

The code of interest in relation to this option is found in sql/net_serv.cc. Take a look at my_net_read(), then follow the call to my_real_read() and pay particular attention to net_realloc().

This variable also limits the length of a result of many string functons. See sql/field.cc and sql/intem_strfunc.cc for details.

Compare that with the MySQL Documentation on max_allowed_packet:

The maximum size of one packet or any generated/intermediate string, or any parameter sent by the mysql_stmt_send_long_data() C API function. The default is 4MB as of MySQL 5.6.6, 1MB before that.

The packet message buffer is initialized to net_buffer_length bytes, but can grow up to max_allowed_packet bytes when needed. This value by default is small, to catch large (possibly incorrect) packets.

You must increase this value if you are using large BLOB columns or long strings. It should be as big as the largest BLOB you want to use. The protocol limit for max_allowed_packet is 1GB. The value should be a multiple of 1024; nonmultiples are rounded down to the nearest multiple.

When you change the message buffer size by changing the value of the max_allowed_packet variable, you should also change the buffer size on the client side if your client program permits it. On the client side, max_allowed_packet has a default of 1GB. Some programs such as mysql and mysqldump enable you to change the client-side value by setting max_allowed_packet on the command line or in an option file.

Given this information, you should be glad MySQL will expand and contract the MySQL Packet as needed. Therefore, go ahead and

set max_allowed_packet to 1G on both Master and Slave
set net_buffer_length to its max value of 1M on both Master and Slave

Master and Slave should match in terms of who they transmit data, especially BLOB data.

UPDATE 2013-07-04 07:03 EDT

From your messages concerning the relay log, it looks like you have the following

a corrupt relay log
a good master log

SUGGESTION

SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G
STOP SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_LOG_FILE='(Relay_Master_Log_File from SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G)',
MASTER_LOG_POS=(Exec_Master_Log_Pos from SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G);
START SLAVE;

Running CHANGE MASTER TO clears all relay logs and starts with a new one. You will be replicating from the Last Master BinLog Event (BinLog,Position) that executed on the Slave.

Give it a Try !!!

Related Solutions

Mysql – Cannot write to thesql database while select query in process

Your first query is asking for 20,000 rows. what is being victimized here ???

Your Innodb Buffer Pool and Log Files.

Because of SELECT * FROM history WHERE log LIKE '%a%' ORDER BY log ASC LIMIT 0, 20000;, all the data pages for the history table is hogging InnoDB resources.

Since you are using Amazon RDS, you cannot resize the InnoDB Log Files. They are always 128M under all RDS MySQL models. Your buffer pool may or may not be full (You have 5882511360 set for it, which is 5610M or 5.4785G). Naturally, bigger model means more IOPs.

You can run this to see how full the buffer pool is

SELECT FORMAT(A.num * 100.0 / B.num,2) BufferPoolFullPct FROM
(SELECT variable_value num FROM information_schema.global_status
WHERE variable_name = 'Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_data') A,
(SELECT variable_value num FROM information_schema.global_status
WHERE variable_name = 'Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_total') B;

Another aspect I see is the log field (TEXT). You are asking for an ORDER BY on this big column.

You need to change the first query to throttle the SELECT. In other words, fetch smaller chunks of history.

If you cannot change the data or the query, there is nothing you can configure except to shift to m1.xlarge (Comes with 11922309120 as the Buffer Pool Size = 11370M = 11.1035G) although log file size would still be stuck at 128M.

Infrastructure aside, it is possible for SELECTs to block INSERTs, UPDATEs, and DELETEs in InnoDB.

I wrote about this before

Mysql – Looking for an efficient way to fix “Could not parse relay log event entry…” error

There is more stable approach you can try

Here is something to remember

Whenever you run CHANGE MASTER TO, it will erase every relay log you have. You do not want to keep relay logs of commands you have not executed any SQL on as of yet

The following is an excerpt taken from a post I made back on Feb 03, 2012 : How to resolve the master server shut down/unavailability in mysql with master - slave replication :

Please notice that there are two sets of replication coordinates from the Master

(Master_Log_File,Read_Master_Log_Pos)

(Relay_Master_Log_File,Exec_Master_Log_Pos)

There is a major difference between them

(Master_Log_File,Read_Master_Log_Pos) tells you the last binlog statement from the Master's log file and log position that the Slave read from the Master and placed in its Relay Logs.

(Relay_Master_Log_File,Exec_Master_Log_Pos) tells you the last binlog statement from the Master's log file and log position that the Slave read from the Master and placed in its Relay Logs THAT IS NEXT TO BE EXECUTED ON THE SLAVE.

What you want are two things:

Erase Every Binary Log You Have
Start Collecting Binary Log Entries From the Last SQL You Successfully Executed.

In your case, you must use the second set of Replication Coordinates

Relay_Master_Log_File
Exec_Master_Log_Pos

It is easy to distrust a corrupt relay log as shown in the error message. The one that hurts the most is a corrupt Master Log. You will have to jump through hoops if that is the case. On the other hand, if one of the other situations was the reason for the corrupt relay log, the simplest and most concise approach is what I stated.

To make sure, whatever is reported for Relay_Master_Log_File, if that particular binary log still exists on the Master, perform a mysqlbinlog on it. If it dumps in its entirety without corrupt characters, go ahead and use the second set of replication coordinates.

From my same earlier post

mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
             Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                Master_Host: 10.48.20.253
                Master_User: replicant
                Master_Port: 3306
              Connect_Retry: 60
            Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000254
        Read_Master_Log_Pos: 858190247
             Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.066069
              Relay_Log_Pos: 873918
      Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000254
           Slave_IO_Running: Yes
          Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
            Replicate_Do_DB:
        Replicate_Ignore_DB:
         Replicate_Do_Table:
     Replicate_Ignore_Table:
    Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                 Last_Errno: 0
                 Last_Error:
               Skip_Counter: 0
        Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 858190247
            Relay_Log_Space: 873772
            Until_Condition: None
             Until_Log_File:
              Until_Log_Pos: 0
         Master_SSL_Allowed: No
         Master_SSL_CA_File:
         Master_SSL_CA_Path:
            Master_SSL_Cert:
          Master_SSL_Cipher:
             Master_SSL_Key:
      Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

notice that the Replication Coordinates from SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G for what was last executed are (mysql-bin.000254,858190247). The CHANGE MASTER TO command in this case would be:

CHANGE MASTER TO master_log_file='mysql-bin.000254',master_log_pos=858190247;

Give it a Try !!!

UPDATE 2012-09-14 16:38 EDT

If you worried about the stockpiling relay logs, just throttle the relay logs. In SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G, there is a field called Relay_Log_Space. That gives you the sum of all relay sizes in bytes. Did you know you could put a cap on that number ?

The option is called relay_log_space_limit.

For example, if you want to cap the total number of bytes to 10G, do the following

STEP 01) Add this to /etc/my.cnf on the Slave

[mysqld]
relay_log_space_limit = 10G

STEP 02) Run service mysql restart on the Slave

and that's it !!!

When the oldest relay has all its entries processed, it is deleted and a new relay log is created. That gets filled until all relay logs add up to 10G. That's the only way to control runaway relay log space issues.

UPDATE 2012-09-14 18:10 EDT

SUGGESTION : If you make mysqldump backups of the data on the Slave every midnight, you could set up the following to restrict having 1TB of binary logs:

STEP 01) Add this to /etc/my.cnf on the Master

[mysqld]
expire_logs_days = 14

STEP 02) Run this query on the Master

mysql> PURGE BINARY LOGS BEFORE DATE(NOW()) - INTERVAL 14 DAY;

STEP 03) service mysql restart on the Master

STEP 04) Add a mysqldump backup script to a crontab on the Slave

This will make the Slave more useful and would control having excess binary logs to worry about