Mysql – Using the auto increment id from one query as the fk of the next insert

auto-incrementinsertMySQLPHPtransaction

I'm not sure if I'm overcomplicating this or whether I can't see the wood for the trees.

I have two tables, both have auto incrementing ID's.

Table 1:
ID - auto
field - int
other field - varchar

Table 2:
ID - auto
Table1Id - FK
field - varchar

the first table stores an article and the 2nd stores the location of the images related to it.

For my form that uploads the data all information to be stored is taken. I need to run two inserts simultaneously (which I realise is daft) using the same ID.

My plan(flawed) is to insert into table 1, get the id and then insert into table 2.

one of the problems if is a user accesses the site in the gap between the two inserts and sees a mess.

is there an easier way, I think I've made a mistake or I'm missing something obvious as it shouldn't be this difficult. 🙂

Best Answer

This is (in part) where transactions come in. Assuming your transaction isolation level is "read committed", "repeatable read" or "serializable" (MySQL defaults to "Repeatable read" and anyone setting it to lower than "read committed" is committing crimes against the laws of the universe), other transaction are blind (to some extent) to changes made within your transaction.

So you should:

START TRANSACTION;
INSERT #1;
INSERT #2;
COMMIT;

The other transactions will not be able to read your first INSERTed row (though they can find trace of its existence via locks -- probably not interesting to you). They will only be able to read both your changes or none of them.

This, again, depends on the assumption that these transactions don't come from a connection with "Read committed" isolation level -- which, unfortunately -- is something anyone is able to change for their own connection.

Related Solutions

MySQL – How to Get Next Unique Value Without Auto Increment

What is interesting about this situation can be solved using the MyISAM storage.

I answedred a question like this back in April 2012 : How can you have two auto-incremental columns in one table? You need to create one table whose sole purpose is the create sequences of work order for each site

CREATE TABLE site_workorder_seq
(
    SiteID int not null,
    SiteWorkorderNum int not null auto_increment,
    PRIMARY KEY (SiteID,SiteWorkorderNum)
) ENGINE=MyISAM;

Here is a sample loading into this table:

mysql>     DROP DATABASE david;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql>     CREATE DATABASE david;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>     USE david
Database changed
mysql>     CREATE TABLE site_workorder_seq
    ->     (
    ->         SiteID int not null,
    ->         SiteWorkorderNum int not null auto_increment,
    ->         PRIMARY KEY (SiteID,SiteWorkorderNum)
    ->     ) ENGINE=MyISAM;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql>     INSERT INTO site_workorder_seq (SiteID) VALUES
    ->     (1),(1),(2),(3),(3),(3),(3),(4),(4),(4),
    ->     (5),(5),(4),(2),(2),(2);
Query OK, 16 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 16  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql>     SELECT * FROM site_workorder_seq;
+--------+------------------+
| SiteID | SiteWorkorderNum |
+--------+------------------+
|      1 |                1 |
|      1 |                2 |
|      2 |                1 |
|      2 |                2 |
|      2 |                3 |
|      2 |                4 |
|      3 |                1 |
|      3 |                2 |
|      3 |                3 |
|      3 |                4 |
|      4 |                1 |
|      4 |                2 |
|      4 |                3 |
|      4 |                4 |
|      5 |                1 |
|      5 |                2 |
+--------+------------------+
16 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

Let's look at the the last WorkorderNum from each site

mysql> SELECT SiteID,MAX(SiteWorkorderNum) SiteWorkorderNum
    -> FROM site_workorder_seq GROUP BY SiteID;
+--------+------------------+
| SiteID | SiteWorkorderNum |
+--------+------------------+
|      1 |                2 |
|      2 |                4 |
|      3 |                4 |
|      4 |                4 |
|      5 |                2 |
+--------+------------------+
5 rows in set (0.05 sec)

mysql>

Now, suppose you want to get the next SiteWorkorderNum for SiteID 3. You could do this:

INSERT INTO site_workorder_seq (SiteID) VALUES (3);
SELECT MAX(SiteWorkorderNum) INTO @nextworkordernum
FROM site_workorder_seq WHERE SiteID=3;
SELECT @nextworkordernum;

Let's run this and see what happens

mysql> INSERT INTO site_workorder_seq (SiteID) VALUES (3);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT MAX(SiteWorkorderNum) INTO @nextworkordernum
    -> FROM site_workorder_seq WHERE SiteID=3;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT @nextworkordernum;
+-------------------+
| @nextworkordernum |
+-------------------+
|                 5 |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.03 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM site_workorder_seq;
+--------+------------------+
| SiteID | SiteWorkorderNum |
+--------+------------------+
|      1 |                1 |
|      1 |                2 |
|      2 |                1 |
|      2 |                2 |
|      2 |                3 |
|      2 |                4 |
|      3 |                1 |
|      3 |                2 |
|      3 |                3 |
|      3 |                4 |
|      3 |                5 |
|      4 |                1 |
|      4 |                2 |
|      4 |                3 |
|      4 |                4 |
|      5 |                1 |
|      5 |                2 |
+--------+------------------+
17 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT SiteID,MAX(SiteWorkorderNum) SiteWorkorderNum
    -> FROM site_workorder_seq GROUP BY SiteID;
+--------+------------------+
| SiteID | SiteWorkorderNum |
+--------+------------------+
|      1 |                2 |
|      2 |                4 |
|      3 |                5 |
|      4 |                4 |
|      5 |                2 |
+--------+------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

As long as you use this one MyISAM apart from all InnoDB tables, you can generate workordernums per site to your hearts content.

SQL Server 2008 XML – Update, Insert, Inject Nodes

You just need to specify the first SiteInfo node using [1]

update [dbo].[Sites] 
SET [SiteInfo].modify('insert <Anothernode>ABC123</Anothernode> into (/SiteInfo[1])') 
where Siteid = 1

Best Answer

Related Solutions

MySQL – How to Get Next Unique Value Without Auto Increment

SQL Server 2008 XML – Update, Insert, Inject Nodes

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