Mysql – Reviewing relational database tables

This type of rotation of data from columns to rows is known as a PIVOT. MySQL does not have a pivot function but you can use an aggregate function with a CASE expression to get the result.

My first suggestion would be to determine if you have a calendar table or a table that contains all of the dates that you want to display. If not, then I would suggest creating one similar to the following:

CREATE TABLE calendar (`Date` datetime) ;

INSERT INTO calendar (`Date`)
VALUES
    ('2013-06-01 00:00:00'),
    ('2013-06-02 00:00:00'),
    ('2013-06-03 00:00:00'),
    ('2013-06-04 00:00:00'),
    ('2013-06-05 00:00:00'),
    ('2013-06-06 00:00:00'),
    ('2013-06-07 00:00:00'),
    ('2013-06-08 00:00:00'),
    ('2013-06-09 00:00:00'),
    ('2013-06-10 00:00:00');

This will make it possible for you to generate a list of all of the dates that you want to display.

Second, you will need to generate the list of each student and each date. You can do this by using a CROSS JOIN between your tbl_admission and the calendar table:

select c.date, a.studentname, a.rollno, a.class
from calendar c
cross join tbl_admission a;

See Demo. Once you have this list, then you can use a LEFT JOIN to your existing tbl_absentees table to get the result:

select 
  ca.studentname,
  ca.rollno,
  ca.class,
  max(case when ca.date = '2013-06-01' then coalesce(p.status, 'P') end) `2013-06-01`,
  max(case when ca.date = '2013-06-02' then coalesce(p.status, 'P') end) `2013-06-02`,
  max(case when ca.date = '2013-06-03' then coalesce(p.status, 'P') end) `2013-06-03`,
  max(case when ca.date = '2013-06-04' then coalesce(p.status, 'P') end) `2013-06-04`,
  max(case when ca.date = '2013-06-05' then coalesce(p.status, 'P') end) `2013-06-05`,
  max(case when ca.date = '2013-06-06' then coalesce(p.status, 'P') end) `2013-06-06`,
  max(case when ca.date = '2013-06-07' then coalesce(p.status, 'P') end) `2013-06-07`,
  max(case when ca.date = '2013-06-08' then coalesce(p.status, 'P') end) `2013-06-08`,
  max(case when ca.date = '2013-06-08' then coalesce(p.status, 'P') end) `2013-06-09`,
  max(case when ca.date = '2013-06-10' then coalesce(p.status, 'P') end) `2013-06-10`
from
(
  select c.date, a.studentname, a.rollno, a.class
  from calendar c
  cross join tbl_admission a
) ca
left join tbl_absentees p
  on ca.rollno = p.rollno
  and ca.date = p.date
group by ca.studentname, ca.rollno, ca.class
order by ca.rollno;

See SQL Fiddle with Demo. Of course for your request, you most likely want to query the data based on a date range so you will not want to hard-code the values. If that is the case, then you will need to look at using a prepared statement to generate dynamic SQL:

SET @sql = NULL;
SELECT
  GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT
    CONCAT(
      'max(CASE WHEN ca.date = ''',
      date_format(date, '%Y-%m-%d'),
      ''' THEN coalesce(p.status, ''P'') END) AS `',
      date_format(date, '%Y-%m-%d'), '`'
    )
  ) INTO @sql
FROM calendar
where date>='2013-06-01'
  and date <= '2013-06-05';

SET @sql 
  = CONCAT('SELECT ca.studentname,
              ca.rollno,
              ca.class, ', @sql, ' 
            from
            (
              select c.date, a.studentname, a.rollno, a.class
              from calendar c
              cross join tbl_admission a
            ) ca
            left join tbl_absentees p
              on ca.rollno = p.rollno
              and ca.date = p.date
            where ca.date>=''2013-06-01''
              and ca.date <= ''2013-06-05''
            group by ca.studentname, ca.rollno, ca.class
            order by ca.rollno');

PREPARE stmt FROM @sql;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;

See SQL Fiddle with Demo. Both of these queries will give a result similar to:

| STUDENTNAME | ROLLNO | CLASS | 2013-06-01 | 2013-06-02 | 2013-06-03 | 2013-06-04 | 2013-06-05 | 2013-06-06 | 2013-06-07 | 2013-06-08 | 2013-06-09 | 2013-06-10 |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|       Naren |      1 |    22 |          A |          A |          A |          A |          P |          P |          P |          P |          P |          P |
|       Srinu |      2 |    22 |          P |          P |          P |          P |          P |          P |          P |          P |          P |          P |
|        Blah |      3 |    22 |          A |          P |          P |          P |          P |          P |          P |          P |          P |          P |

It is a one to many from the "Children" table; one child to many staff, one child to one or more "ResponsibleAdults" (who could be any familial relationship). If you change Father & Mother fields to be Responsible1, Responsible2 and add Responsible1Relationship, Responsible2Relationship to "Children", you'll solve that problem. Alternatively, you can create a join or link table using just childID, ResponsibleID and relationship (1 or more records per child ID). You'll want a "FamRelationship" lookup table for consistency in your data entry (might be parent, aunt, grandparent, guardian, etc". This way Child Joe can have Parents Mike and Mary, while his cousin child Jane can have Uncle Mike and Aunt Mary. Both Children records would reference the same 2 what you're currently calling "Parents" records.

If a "staff" member is not a member of Board of Directors and it's important to note that, add a tinyint indicator to "staff" (true/false, 1/0).