Mysql – How to estimate/predict data size and index size of a table in MySQL

innodbMySQL

I am finding what is the best way to estimate size of a table for that i have studied lot of blogs and forums but unable to find any accurate answer

For an example we have a table City with InnoDB engine,lets say in future (in next 1 year) it will have 1 million of records so what will be the estimated data size and index size of that table in this period.

mysql> desc City;
+-------------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field       | Type     | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+-------------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| ID          | int(11)  | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| Name        | char(35) | NO   |     |         |                |
| CountryCode | char(3)  | NO   | MUL |         |                |
| District    | char(20) | NO   |     |         |                |
| Population  | int(11)  | NO   |     | 0       |                |
+-------------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
5 rows in set (0.03 sec)

UPDATE

What will be the estimated upper bound (Max size of table) with 1 million records and how can we estimate it.

Best Answer

Given the table description, I see

  • 66 bytes per row of data
  • 4 bytes per row for the primary key
  • 7 bytes per row for country code index
    • 3 bytes for the country
    • 4 bytes for Clustered Key attached to the country code
  • Total of 77 bytes of data and keys
  • This does not factoring housekeeping for BTREEs or Tablespace Fragmentation

For a million rows, that would 77,000,000 bytes (73.43 MB)

As for measuring the table, for a given table mydb.mytable, you can run this query

SELECT 
    CONCAT(FORMAT(DAT/POWER(1024,pw1),2),' ',SUBSTR(units,pw1*2+1,2)) DATSIZE,
    CONCAT(FORMAT(NDX/POWER(1024,pw2),2),' ',SUBSTR(units,pw2*2+1,2)) NDXSIZE,
    CONCAT(FORMAT(TBL/POWER(1024,pw3),2),' ',SUBSTR(units,pw3*2+1,2)) TBLSIZE
FROM
(
    SELECT DAT,NDX,TBL,IF(px>4,4,px) pw1,IF(py>4,4,py) pw2,IF(pz>4,4,pz) pw3
    FROM 
    (
        SELECT data_length DAT,index_length NDX,data_length+index_length TBL,
        FLOOR(LOG(IF(data_length=0,1,data_length))/LOG(1024)) px,
        FLOOR(LOG(IF(index_length=0,1,index_length))/LOG(1024)) py,
        FLOOR(LOG(data_length+index_length)/LOG(1024)) pz
        FROM information_schema.tables
        WHERE table_schema='mydb'
        AND table_name='mytable'
    ) AA
) A,(SELECT 'B KBMBGBTB' units) B;

To measure all tables grouped by Database and Storage Engine

SELECT
    IF(ISNULL(DB)+ISNULL(ENGINE)=2,'Database Total',
    CONCAT(DB,' ',IFNULL(ENGINE,'Total'))) "Reported Statistic",
    LPAD(CONCAT(FORMAT(DAT/POWER(1024,pw1),2),' ',
    SUBSTR(units,pw1*2+1,2)),17,' ') "Data Size",
    LPAD(CONCAT(FORMAT(NDX/POWER(1024,pw2),2),' ',
    SUBSTR(units,pw2*2+1,2)),17,' ') "Index Size",
    LPAD(CONCAT(FORMAT(TBL/POWER(1024,pw3),2),' ',
    SUBSTR(units,pw3*2+1,2)),17,' ') "Total Size"
FROM
(
    SELECT DB,ENGINE,DAT,NDX,TBL,
    IF(px>4,4,px) pw1,IF(py>4,4,py) pw2,IF(pz>4,4,pz) pw3
    FROM 
    (SELECT *,
        FLOOR(LOG(IF(DAT=0,1,DAT))/LOG(1024)) px,
        FLOOR(LOG(IF(NDX=0,1,NDX))/LOG(1024)) py,
        FLOOR(LOG(IF(TBL=0,1,TBL))/LOG(1024)) pz
    FROM
    (SELECT
        DB,ENGINE,
        SUM(data_length) DAT,
        SUM(index_length) NDX,
        SUM(data_length+index_length) TBL
    FROM
    (
       SELECT table_schema DB,ENGINE,data_length,index_length FROM
       information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema NOT IN
       ('information_schema','performance_schema','mysql')
       AND ENGINE IS NOT NULL
    ) AAA GROUP BY DB,ENGINE WITH ROLLUP
) AAA) AA) A,(SELECT ' BKBMBGBTB' units) B;

Run these queries and you can track changes in database/engine disk usage.

Give it a Try !!!

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