Sql-server – Why does SQL Server use exclusive locks on the entire table to update one record

We have problems with deadlocks, judging by the logs, two requests simultaneously want to get exclusive access to the table. However, both queries change one record in the table.

The error occurs at high loads. There was a lack of RAM. In this case, we use the READ COMMITTED SNAPSHOT isolation level. I understand that this isolation level is very dependent on temporary tables and if there is a lack of memory, then it will not lead to anything good. But I'm trying to explain why an exclusive table lock occurs, what is the reason?

Error log:

<deadlock>
  <victim-list>
    <victimProcess id="process15869047848" />
    <victimProcess id="process1508af0f088" />
  </victim-list>
  <process-list>
    <process id="process15869047848" taskpriority="0" logused="0" waitresource="OBJECT: 8:398376934:0 " waittime="344" ownerId="1381853939" transactionname="user_transaction" lasttranstarted="2020-12-29T14:08:38.100" XDES="0x15803072430" lockMode="X" schedulerid="6" kpid="2276" status="suspended" spid="130" sbid="0" ecid="0" priority="0" trancount="2" lastbatchstarted="2020-12-29T14:08:38.093" lastbatchcompleted="2020-12-29T14:08:38.093" lastattention="1900-01-01T00:00:00.093" clientapp=".Net SqlClient Data Provider" hostname="KITZBUEHEL" hostpid="12192" loginname="eseddadmin" isolationlevel="read committed (2)" xactid="1381853939" currentdb="8" currentdbname="SEDD3_KIO" lockTimeout="4294967295" clientoption1="673187936" clientoption2="128056">
      <executionStack>
        <frame procname="SEDD3_KIO.dbo.spSaveRouteControlInfo" line="39" stmtstart="1978" stmtend="3056" sqlhandle="0x03000800f5d97d180d9d560172ac000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000">
update WF4_Routes set
      IsControlled = @IsControlled
     ,UrgencyType = @UrgencyType 
     ,ImportanceType = @ImportanceType 
     ,ControlDate = @ControlDate
     ,ControlAssignmentType = @ControlAssignmentType
     ,ControlState = ISNULL(@ControlState, ControlState)
     ,CompleteDate = case when CompleteDate is null then null else isnull(@ClosingState, CompleteDate) end
     ,State = ISNULL(@State, State)
     ,ModifyDate = GETDATE() 
     ,UserUID = @OperatorUID
    where DocUID = @DocUID and Type = 1 and PRUZ &lt;&gt;    </frame>
      </executionStack>
      <inputbuf>
Proc [Database Id = 8 Object Id = 410900981]   </inputbuf>
    </process>
    <process id="process1508af0f088" taskpriority="0" logused="0" waitresource="OBJECT: 8:398376934:0 " waittime="344" ownerId="1381845648" transactionname="UPDATE" lasttranstarted="2020-12-29T14:08:34.970" XDES="0x1529c41a430" lockMode="X" schedulerid="11" kpid="6748" status="suspended" spid="112" sbid="0" ecid="0" priority="0" trancount="2" lastbatchstarted="2020-12-29T14:08:34.957" lastbatchcompleted="2020-12-29T14:08:34.947" lastattention="2020-12-29T14:03:46.567" clientapp=".Net SqlClient Data Provider" hostname="KITZBUEHEL" hostpid="12192" loginname="eseddadmin" isolationlevel="read committed (2)" xactid="1381845648" currentdb="8" currentdbname="SEDD3_KIO" lockTimeout="4294967295" clientoption1="673187936" clientoption2="128056">
      <executionStack>
        <frame procname="SEDD3_KIO.dbo.spSetDocumentViewed" line="38" stmtstart="2690" stmtend="2940" sqlhandle="0x0300080066d77227034cbf0091ac000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000">
update WF4_Routes set RouteVersion = isnull(RouteVersion, 1) + 1 where DocUID = @DocUID and Type = 2 and State in (1, 2, 7, 8    </frame>
      </executionStack>
      <inputbuf>
Proc [Database Id = 8 Object Id = 661837670]   </inputbuf>
    </process>
    <process id="process1586903f468" taskpriority="0" logused="0" waitresource="OBJECT: 8:398376934:0 " waittime="345" ownerId="1381845814" transactionname="user_transaction" lasttranstarted="2020-12-29T14:08:35.470" XDES="0x155c3ab16f0" lockMode="X" schedulerid="5" kpid="10540" status="suspended" spid="97" sbid="0" ecid="0" priority="0" trancount="1" lastbatchstarted="2020-12-29T14:08:35.877" lastbatchcompleted="2020-12-29T14:08:35.457" lastattention="1900-01-01T00:00:00.457" clientapp=".Net SqlClient Data Provider" hostname="KITZBUEHEL" hostpid="12192" loginname="eseddadmin" isolationlevel="read committed (2)" xactid="1381845814" currentdb="8" currentdbname="SEDD3_KIO" lockTimeout="4294967295" clientoption1="673187936" clientoption2="128056">
      <executionStack>
        <frame procname="SEDD3_KIO.dbo.spSetRouteCompleted" line="183" stmtstart="12918" stmtend="13284" sqlhandle="0x03000800ae876e11b1312c018cac000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000">
insert into @RoutesToClose (RouteId, DocUID)
                        select R.ID, @docUID
                        from WF4_Routes R with (UPDLOCK)
                        where R.DocUID = @docUID and R.State in (1, 2, 8) and R.Type =    </frame>
      </executionStack>
      <inputbuf>
Proc [Database Id = 8 Object Id = 292456366]   </inputbuf>
    </process>
  </process-list>
  <resource-list>
    <objectlock lockPartition="0" objid="398376934" subresource="FULL" dbid="8" objectname="SEDD3_KIO.dbo.WF4_Routes" id="lock154ab1c5d00" mode="IX" associatedObjectId="398376934">
      <owner-list>
        <owner id="process1586903f468" mode="IX" />
        <owner id="process1508af0f088" mode="IX" />
        <owner id="process1586903f468" mode="X" requestType="convert" />
        <owner id="process1508af0f088" mode="X" requestType="convert" />
      </owner-list>
      <waiter-list>
        <waiter id="process15869047848" mode="X" requestType="convert" />
      </waiter-list>
    </objectlock>
    <objectlock lockPartition="0" objid="398376934" subresource="FULL" dbid="8" objectname="SEDD3_KIO.dbo.WF4_Routes" id="lock154ab1c5d00" mode="IX" associatedObjectId="398376934">
      <owner-list>
        <owner id="process15869047848" mode="IX" />
        <owner id="process15869047848" mode="X" requestType="convert" />
      </owner-list>
      <waiter-list>
        <waiter id="process1508af0f088" mode="X" requestType="convert" />
      </waiter-list>
    </objectlock>
    <objectlock lockPartition="0" objid="398376934" subresource="FULL" dbid="8" objectname="SEDD3_KIO.dbo.WF4_Routes" id="lock154ab1c5d00" mode="IX" associatedObjectId="398376934">
      <owner-list>
        <owner id="process15869047848" mode="IX" />
        <owner id="process1508af0f088" mode="IX" />
        <owner id="process15869047848" mode="X" requestType="convert" />
        <owner id="process1508af0f088" mode="X" requestType="convert" />
      </owner-list>
      <waiter-list>
        <waiter id="process1586903f468" mode="X" requestType="convert" />
      </waiter-list>
    </objectlock>
  </resource-list>
</deadlock>

UPDATE 15:07
I think I found the reason, you asked if the UPDLOCK hint is needed, I decided to check how it affects the locking and found that this kind of hint locks the entire table. Can anyone tell me why this is happening?
An example of using UPDLOCK in our condition:

select R.ID, R.DocUID from WF4_Routes R with (UPDLOCK) where R.DocUID = @docUID

DocUID index is available.

UPDATE 15:47
Now we have found that if UPDLOCK is used with a search condition on a non-clustered index, then it locks the entire table. If it is clustered, then everything is fine, only those records that are specified in the where clause are blocked. It's strange that the manual for using this hint doesn't say anything about it.