Sql-server – way to check connection properties of an active SQL Server connection

I'm going to outline a T-SQL way that uses most of what you already have.

1. Create a table to hold your publication information (for the solution that I have written, it's just the name of the publication and an identity column)
2. Create a table to hold your subscriber information (in mine, I have name of subscriber, subscriber database, identity column, and a column that references back to the publication)
3. When you want to create a new subscription, you put a new row in the subscriber table with the relevant information
4. In your "add subscription" script, do a left join between your table and syssubscriptions to find out what subscriptions are in your table but don't yet exist. Run a cursor over that info and for each subscription that doesn't exist, create it.
5. After you're done adding all of the subscriptions, call sp_startpublication_snapshot for each publication that has uninitialized subscribers.
6. Fin (aka "you're done").

You can get most of those messages, but unfortunately not all. See my question on Stackoverflow regarding that.

In general those messages (e.g. messages from a PRINT statement) are returned as warnings on the Statement object by the JDBC driver. To retrieve them use Statement.getWarnings() in a loop:

Statement stmt = ...;
stmt.execute("some_procedure");

SQLWarning warning = stmt.getWarnings();

while (warning != null)
{
   System.out.println(warning.getMessage());
   warning = warning.getNextWarning();
}

I have seen some messages also being returned on the Connection instance rather than the Statement. If you don't see anything, try the above code with your Connection instance.