SQL Server – How to Duplicate Column in Same Table

From a high level, you'd simply do this:

SELECT *
FROM dbo.member m
    INNER JOIN dbo.tasklist_data tld ON m.UID = tld.TaskID;

The INNER JOIN will take rows from dbo.member where the UID column values match values contained in the TaskID column from the tasklist_data table. If you wanted ALL the rows from dbo.member, and only matching rows from dbo.tasklist_data, you'd rewrite that as:

SELECT *
FROM dbo.member m
    LEFT JOIN dbo.tasklist_data tld ON m.UID = tld.TaskID;

Steve Stedman has an excellent resource for understanding how the different types of JOIN statements work.

If you need to do this on more than two tables, you simply add JOIN clauses as necessary:

SELECT *
FROM dbo.member m
    INNER JOIN dbo.tasklist_data tld ON m.UID = tld.TaskID
    INNER JOIN dbo.some_other_table sot ON m.UID = sot.some_column_name;

I have broken a (arguably) cardinal sin above by using SELECT * to return all columns from all of the tables mentioned in the FROM clause of the query. It is generally considered good practice to explicitly specify the columns required, for instance:

SELECT m.UID
    , m.SomeColumn1
    , m.SomeColumn2
    , tld.TaskID
    , tld.SomeColumn3
FROM dbo.member m
    INNER JOIN dbo.tasklist_data tld ON m.UID = tld.TaskID;

SELECT name, MIN(type) AS type 
FROM table_name 
GROUP BY name
HAVING COUNT(DISTINCT type) = 1 ;

or the same with:

HAVING MIN(type) = MAX(type)

I assume that type is not nullable.

If you want only those that have type = 'a', use:

HAVING MIN(type) = 'a'
   AND MAX(type) = 'a' ;