It is the LibreOffice update dialog box that triggers this. Clicking
that icon opens the LibreOffice update dialog box, but it does not put
it in front of other applications. That is what is leading to
everyone's confusion about this icon.
To verify, I closed the update dialog, put LibreOffice in front of my
other windows, and clicked the icon. The update dialog appears again.
Best Answer
LibreOffice update icon.
Googling the image led me to MacRumours Forums