Spotlight Search – How to Avoid Indexing a Volume

As there is no easy way (no GUI certainly) to exclude file types, your best bet might be to exclude specific directories from being indexed. Create/delete Your big files inside one directory (including subdirs) and go to Preferences -> Spotlight -> Privacy and choose Your excluded directory (You can also drag and drop it).

Using the mdfind command which queries the Spotlight Database I have to say no because the tests I performed would indicate so. In a Terminal using mdfind -name .bash_history as well as subsequent commands changing the .filename portion of the command, mdfind did not return the specific file names while only returning filenames that contained the .filename portion within where applicable.