Since the Screen Sharing feature seems to be the only one unable to connect, the best way to diagnose its behavior is by using the application directly.
Please, launch screen sharing located in:
/System/Library/CoreServices/ScreenSharing.app
The application has no visible "UI" so don't expect a fancy Cocoa interface. Instead, once you have loaded it, all you'll see is this "poor" icon in the Dock:
Click on it and then go to Preferences in the Mac menu bar. You should be presented with:
Notice the second option to only encrypt passwords and keystrokes. That's fine, but as you can see, there's no option to skip encryption altogether. Some VNC versions have incompatibilities with encryption, but this would be rather shocking since you're talking about OS X vs OS X.
In any case, once you have the settings like that, try connecting, again, in the menu bar: Connection -> New (or ⌘cmd + N).
A simple dialog appears asking you to enter the Host's name. Following your screenshots, try: 192.168.1.99 and hit enter.
We'll see what happens from here. Also, have the Console.app open on both computers, to see if there are any System messages going on (or anything related).
Mac OS doesn't have a terminal services centric design, so the loginwindow ties the remote screen resolution tightly to the actual physical screen dimensions.
Some easy solutions are to connect the Mac to a display (or a display dongle that simulates a plug and play monitor of a resolution of your choosing to the OS) so that the OS allocates a larger pixel boundary when the user logs in.
Alternatively, you could get software like SwitchResX to force the display to a size of your choosing.
Best Answer
Try the TeamViewer application for remote control.
I use it daily across the ocean and across the platforms (Windows/Mac) and it works fine.
http://www.teamviewer.com/en/index.aspx