Is it possible to configure Messages for Mac in such a way that it receives text messages sent to my mobile phone number?
Currently on the Mac I can receive only messages sent to my Apple ID, but on my iPhone I can receive messages sent to both.
macosmessages
Is it possible to configure Messages for Mac in such a way that it receives text messages sent to my mobile phone number?
Currently on the Mac I can receive only messages sent to my Apple ID, but on my iPhone I can receive messages sent to both.
No. Messages beta works like it does on the iPad and iPod Touch. You can only message other Apple iOS 5 (or Messages) users.
Right now OS X Messages can only receive iMessages sent to an email address associated with iMessages. So you'll have to ask people to send to your Apple ID email (or another one if you've got it set up with iMessages) if you want to receive them on your Mac.
There was some talk of Apple ID/phone number unification coming with iOS 6, so that an iPad or Mac could receive iMessages sent to a phone number, but that's not available yet, and from the publicly available information, it doesn't look like it's a sure thing either. However it's a possibility, you may want to pay attention when iOS 6 is released (which looks likely to be in September).
Best Answer
In iOS 6, your phone number and your Apple ID will be unified, so when you'll receive a iMessage or a Facetime call, they will appear on all your devices (iOS and Mac OS).
More info here.
So I think you just need to wait until this fall to resolve your problem !