Simple and concise documentation on the OSX folder hierarchy is sparse. I'm looking for a simple description of each – what are the functions of each?
- /private
- /var
- /usr
- /tmp
- /etc
- /bin
- /sbin
- /fseventsd
I don't plan to modify them in any way, I just want to understand the FS hierarchy.
Best Answer
It's a bit messy, and there is a degree of cross-overs, but the quick tour, without really going into the subfolders of these:
/etc
,/tmp
and/var
are just symbolic links to subfolders in/private
./etc
generally contains configuration files./tmp
is for temporary files used by running processes (also see/var/tmp
)/var
is also used for somewhat temporary files used by running processes, but these tend to be less temporary and more often preserved between runs - e.g. logfiles which are usually in/var/log
./usr
contains binaries (executables) and developer-related files for core unix/BSD utilities. Things the user installs themselves should end up in/usr/local
./bin
also contains binaries but they tend to be more OS-fundamental than those in/usr
- such ascp
,cat
,bash
./sbin
is as above but focused on routine administrative tasks such asmount
andshutdown
. Thes
=system/superuser, usually you need root/superuser rights to use these commands./.fseventsd
is used by the OS to log file-system change events (such as folder creation) so that interested parties can be notified when the filesystem changes.However, to run the risk of saying what you didn't want me to say - most of these are of little interest, and if you were to use any, you'd be most likely to be in
/usr/local
,/var/log
or/tmp
.Additional information with a focus on the common Unix structure can be found on Wikipedia (Unix File System).