No, it cannot. Actually, there is no there is no drive-bay at all (standard or optical). The traditional, 2.5'' 9.5mm internal notebook drives (whether SSD or HDD) that you're thinking of are not compatible (internally) with this model.
This is what the solid state "drive" looks like inside late 2013 models:
As you can see from the iFixit photo above, the SSD is really just a stick of flash memory, connected via the PCIe bus. It's made up of 8 identical NAND flash modules (in densities of either 32, 64, or 128 GB). The 256 GB drive is pictured here. There are 8 32GB chips in total, 4 on each side. The chip density corresponds to the listed drive capacity, so 8x64GB Modules = 512 GB, etc.
Though it is possible to replace the SSD with a larger capacity one, there's currently no aftermarket upgrade available yet:
Unfortunately, the proprietary PCIe 2.0-based SSD in the "Late 2013" models is limited to a smaller "blade" option, but upgrade options no doubt are forthcoming, nevertheless.
Soon forthcoming, indeed.
Consider purchasing an external storage device, or exploring 'cloud' based storage options.
a little update here...
macOS High Sierra beta 9 (and GM) brings us a BootRom update for ALL Macs supported by HighSierra, so that they can boot from APFS drives.
The very, very good news about this is that this update ALSO brings NVMe boot ability on every mac back to the Mac Pro 6.1 (Late 2013) upwards...
So every Mac which have an Apple 12+16 PCIe connector now owe the ability to boot from any NVMe drive, once they have been at least upgraded to High Sierra (and their BootRom updated).
Put it simply :
- take a MacBook Pro retina 13" Late 2013
- upgrade it to High Sierra
- clone the OS to an external USB drive with CCC
- power it off
- change the stock Apple AHCI SSD to a brand new Samsung 960 Evo (for example)
use a sintech (or other) M.2 ngff to Apple 12+16 adapter (and protect the pin with kapton tape)
- boot from your USB backup of High Sierra
- copy back your OS and data to the new SSD
everything works (TRIM, SMART status, deepsleep etc.)
So since the beta of High Sierra and the BootRom update, the new results are following :
As for Apple NVMe drives:
- Mac Pro late 2013 : works from 10.10.2 (at PCIe 3.0 4x speed)
- MacBook Air 11" & 13" mid 2013 : works from 10.10.2 (PCIe 2.0 speed 2x lanes)
- MacBook Pro retina 13" late 2013 :works from 10.10.2 (PCIe 2.0 speed 2x lanes)
- MacBook Pro retina 15" late 2013 : works from 10.10.2 (PCIe 2.0 speed 4x lanes)
- MacBook Air 11" & 13" early 2014 :works from 10.10.2 (PCIe 2.0 speed 2x lanes)
- MacBook Pro retina 13" mid 2014 : works from 10.10.2 (PCIe 2.0 speed 2x lanes)
- MacBook Pro retina 15" mid 2014 : works from 10.10.2 (PCIe 2.0 speed 4x lanes)
- MacBook Air 11" & 13" early 2015 :works from 10.10.2 (PCIe 2.0 speed 2x lanes)
- MacBook Pro retina 13" early 2015 : works from 10.10.2 (PCIe 2.0 speed 4x lanes)
- MacBook Pro retina 15" mid 2015 : works from 10.10.3 (PCIe 3.0 speed 4x lanes)
As for non-Apple NVMe drives, (Samsung 960 evo/pro etc) :
- Mac Pro late 2013 : works from 10.13 (PCIe 3.0 speed 4x lanes)
- MacBook Air 11" & 13" mid 2013 : works from 10.13 (PCIe 2.0 speed 2x lanes)
- MacBook Pro retina 13" late 2013 :works from 10.13 (PCIe 2.0 speed 2x lanes)
- MacBook Pro retina 15" late 2013 : works from 10.13 (PCIe 2.0 speed 4x lanes)
- MacBook Air 11" & 13" early 2014 :works from 10.13 (PCIe 2.0 speed 2x lanes)
- MacBook Pro retina 13" mid 2014 : works from 10.13 (PCIe 2.0 speed 2x lanes)
- MacBook Pro retina 15" mid 2014 : works from 10.13 (PCIe 2.0 speed 4x lanes)
- MacBook Air 11" & 13" early 2015 :works from 10.13 (PCIe 2.0 speed 2x lanes)
- MacBook Pro retina 13" early 2015 : works from 10.13 (PCIe 2.0 speed 4x lanes)
- MacBook Pro retina 15" mid 2015 : works from 10.13 (PCIe 3.0 speed 4x lanes)
PCIe 2.0 speed is around 350 MB/sec by lane so :
- with 2x lanes of PCIe 2.0 expect up to 700 MB/sec
- with 4x lanes 1400 MB/sec
PCIe 3.0 speed is around 750 MB/sec by lane so :
- with 4x lanes of PCIe 3.0 expect nearly 3000MB/sec
Best Answer
You should be fine with many SSD models on the market, among these you can find the ?amsung EVO 850 series, just as an example. If you replace the original HDD for an SSD, however, be aware that you will need to enable TRIM manually on your new SSD. Please check this page on trimforce.