I have a mid 2007 MacBook Pro that I want to get Ubuntu Linux on as the only OS. I have tried SO MANY TIMES to get a bootable USB working, but nothing is working. I have reset PRAM, used many different software, and more. Any help would be greatly appreciated.
EDIT: I have gotten it to boot, but it gets stuck on this line:
[ 15.419970] fb: switching to radeondrmfb from EFI VGA
Best Answer
I tested booting from a USB flash drive on a (20 inch, mid 2007) iMac.
First, download the file
ubuntu-16.04.1-desktop-amd64.iso
from the Ubuntu web site: Download Ubuntu Desktop.Second, erase and format a flash drive for a single MS-DOS (FAT) volume using a Master Boot Record (MBR) partitioning scheme.
Next, transfer the iso file to a USB flash drive using UNetbootin. This application runs on Windows, OS X and Linux. The instructions, when using OS X, are given at this site: How to create a bootable USB stick on OS X.
This flash drive did appear on the Mac Startup Manager menu. By selecting the icon, I was able to boot to a live version of Ubuntu.
The Ubuntu installation software places the Ubuntu startup files (GRUB) in a EFI partition. Unfortunately, the Mac firmware ignores these files. Therefore, nothing representing the Ubuntu installation appears on the Startup Manager menu.
When holding down the Option ⌥ at startup, the Mac firmware will look for the
\EFI\BOOT\BOOTx64.EFI
file on each EFI partition of all drives accessible at startup. Each occurrence will generate an icon with the label "EFI Boot" on the Startup Manager menu.Searching, for the
BOOTx64.EFI
file in the folder\EFI\BOOT
on a EFI partition, is part of the UEFI specification. For example, if you go to the "uefi.org Specifications web page", you can download and view the "UEFI Specification Version 2.5". Sections 3.5.1.1 Removable Media Boot Behavior and 3.5.1.2 Non-removable Media Boot Behavior (on pages 88-90) describe the naming of theBOOTx64.EFI
file and that it should appear in the\EFI\BOOT
folder.When Windows installs, some of the startup files are stored in the folder
\EFI\MICROSOFT
. These files are also duplicated (with some renaming) in the\EFI\BOOT
folder. Not all non-Apple operating systems do this when installing. For example, Ubuntu Linux does not. (Well, last time I installed in EFI mode it did not.) The Ubuntu installer does create a folder\EFI\UBUNTU
with startup files (GRUB), which the Mac firmware by default ignores. To get Ubuntu to appear in the Startup Manager, you have to manually mount the EFI partition and copy the files in the\EFI\UBUNTU
folder to the\EFI\BOOT
folder. (Also, the copiedgrubx64.efi
file needs to be renamed toBOOTX64.EFI
.)If you need to do this for two operating systems, then you will need a second EFI partition. This should not present a problem since an EFI partition is fairly small (<200 MB) and the limit on Macs by default is 128 partitions. However, to tell one operating system for the other, while viewing the choices presented by the Startup Manager, you may want to change the icons.
For example, I have rEFInd installed in a second 134 MB EFI partition on my iMac. (This happens to be the last of 9 partitions.) Additionally, I have Windows 10, Yosemite (on volume "Steelhead") and El Capitan (on volume "Steelhead2") installed. Below is a image of my Macs Startup Manager menu. (For a better view, click on the image or open in a new window.)
The icon can be changed by mounting the EFI partition and adding the icon file
.VolumeIcon.icns
to the root folder. A collection of these icons, for popular Linux and other operating systems, can be found here.