You don't need to 'configure iTunes' to download software or use the Mac App Store, but those are the official download channels.
If you really need to use a straight HTTP style download then you can get previous versions through being a registered developer https://developer.apple.com/downloads/index.action?q=xcode which might help, the most recent version available at the time of this post is V5 (September 18) which you can pull down in .DMG form. Note that this is the free membership program, not the $99/year Mac Developer Program.
Best Answer
Briefly, no.
Xcode is OS X only. You must have a Mac to download Xcode.