How to reset the Display cached data

This solution requires F.lux to be installed (I assume it's at /Applications/Flux.app).

Create a text file (let's call it flux-day-color) and put it in /usr/local/bin (usr is under "Macintosh HD" and may be hidden).

#!/bin/bash

if [[ ! -z "$1" && "$1" -ge 2700 && "$1" -le 6500 ]]; then
  defaults write org.herf.Flux dayColorTemp -int "$1"
  killall Flux
  open /Applications/Flux.app
else
  echo "provide a temperature between 2700 and 6500 (rounded to nearest 100)"
fi

In Terminal, run chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/flux-day-color

Now you can run flux-day-color 2700 in Terminal (or in another script) to change the day temperature. Note that the script restarts F.lux so you may see the display jump to 6500 K for a split second before applying your requested temperature.

It's also possible to schedule this to run at predefined intervals, but that's beyond the scope of this answer (and the question).

If you'd rather have a launchable app that can toggle between 2 temperatures,

Open Terminal and run these commands:

bash
cd /Applications/
mkdir -p flux-day-toggle.app/Contents/MacOS
cd flux-day-toggle.app/Contents/MacOS
cat <<END > flux-day-toggle

Now you'll see a greater than sign. Paste this:

#!/bin/bash

DOMAIN=org.herf.Flux
KEY_NAME=dayColorTemp

LOW=2700
HIGH=6500

cur_val=`defaults read $DOMAIN $KEY_NAME 2>/dev/null`
if [[ -z "$cur_val" || "$cur_val" -eq "$HIGH" ]]; then
  new_val=$LOW
else
  new_val=$HIGH
fi

defaults write $DOMAIN $KEY_NAME -int $new_val
killall Flux
open /Applications/Flux.app
END

Wait for the prompt to appear, meaning the file was written. Now the finishing touch:

chmod 755 flux-day-toggle

Now you can launch the new app. You can customize the LOW and HIGH settings to your liking.

As you know those are Adobe ICC profiles, thus made by Abode to support they suite of Graphics products.

Some ICC's are specific to a Adobe product you are using and come as part of the installation package.

To find those ICC profiles, look in the original installation package.

In some cases you might see a problem where the ColorSync Utility claims a profile cannot be fixed.

ColorSync utility - Verify and Repair:

In cases where the ColorSync fails to repair a ICC profile, you will need to go to the profile in the Finder, get information on it, and ensure your username is added in the Sharing & Permissions section with both Read and Write privileges.

You can also use Terminal to find them.

find /Library/ColorSync/Profiles/ -name "*.icc" -exec sips --verify {} \;

When done, re-run the repair routine, and hopefully that will allow the profile to be fixed.

Or again use Terminal to try to Repair them:

find /Library/ColorSync/Profiles/ -name "*.icc" -exec sips --repair {} \;

Here is some more reading material.