spotlight
I use my mac for development, and create/delete so many (big) files that I ended up turning Spotlight off, since it was taking so much time indexing these files.
I think it would be fine if I would only allow Spotlight to index pdf and doc documents, is this possible?
Short answer: yes.
Go to your System Preferences, then Spotlight:
You can disable and/or reorder the items in this list. By dragging Applications to the top, "Saf" will match Safari first (because it's an App, regardless of it's location).
If, on the other hand, there's a Folder(s) or Drive(s) that you want to explicitly exclude from Spotlight until you change your mind, turn onto the Privacy Tab (on top of that panel) and click the (+) button to browse for a folder.
This window also accepts Drag and Drop of Folders or Drives (Volumes). In my Sshot, you can see that I exclude Clone (my weekly clone drive) from Spotlight so when I search for something I don't come up with duplicated results (one from the main drive and one from the backup).
I also have added a Public Folder where a lot of ppl drops stuff and I don't care about it nor I want it in my search results.
If you want to restore it, you can always remove it from this list (and give spotlight time to re-index it).
You can't (as far as I know) exclude by File type.
Note: in order to drag a "drive" just go go the finder, click on your Mac OS Volume and then press ⌘↑ (the up arrow) to go back to the "root", you will see your volumes there (among other things). Drag it and drop it onto this Privacy tab and voilá.
Appending the option -o local to the mount (i.e. encfs) command seems to work...
Best Answer
As there is no easy way (no GUI certainly) to exclude file types, your best bet might be to exclude specific directories from being indexed. Create/delete Your big files inside one directory (including subdirs) and go to Preferences -> Spotlight -> Privacy and choose Your excluded directory (You can also drag and drop it).